OPERATION - FORCE OF A THOUSAND

Part of the People's Federation of Canada's - WAR PLAN - 15
Approved by the National Champion - Elizabeth "WEEABOO" May
Approved by the Director of the Armed Forces - Felix Moraine
Note all operations are occurring concurrently
SITUATION AND INFORMATION

Situation: Chinese operations have come to a halt following a disastrous attempted invasion of Vladivostok which was then followed by Unity nuclear strikes on Chinese cities. And while the Japanese advance saw far more success - the weight of the nucleaflooding crises is expected to place tremendous strain on further Chinese and Japanese contributions beyond logistical and air support.
However largely in thanks to Canadian military planning and American Republic nuclear strikes our initial invasion of the Unity was met with little to no resistance - so tremendous our victory was that we received a remarkable ZERO casualties in our initial advance that saw all operations achieve major success and seeing everything north of the 60th Parallel completely eradicated and placed in the control of Canadian Forces (excluding St. Petersburg prime).
Additionally landing forces in Magadan and Canadian Forces who seized opportunities in Vladivostok have created the opportunity for a multi-pronged advance against the remaining Unity Army Forces which now lack critical navy and aiair defense reinforcements. Therefore our advance must be swift and with purpose to immediately destroy and seize the remaining Unity Territory both owed to us - but also that which poses a major threat to our allies still reeling from the Nuclear strikes.
We must however continue to approach the Invasion of the Unity with caution, not allowing current major victories to breed over-confidence into our front-line troops. Measured strikes and a well oiled machine will see us victorious in the end, as it has throughout the initial campaign.

Involved Units

ALL EXISTING UNITS - As part of OP - MARCH OF TEN THOUSAND
1st Canadian Corp (ADDITIONS)
2nd Canadian Division

3rd Canadian Chapter (Van Doos/The Blind"): The Third Canadian Chapter is both a premier chapter of the Forces but also one of the few "Legacy Chapters" from pre-Commonwealth days. Aptly named the "Van Doos" or 22e, they are one of the few remaining heritage Chapters and have proven countless times why that is. They are supported by their affectionately nick-named "Blind", called as much due to their fierceness in battle and willingness to push one regardless of the odds.
4th Canadian Chapter (Les Voltigeurs/Shieldmen): The Fourth Canadian Chapter acts as a building block for the greater armed forces and was the first to be designated with a "Heavy Infantry" and "Heavy Armored" regiment. Their vast experience and additionally being one of the most heavily equipped of the Chapters will prove extremely valuable in the push from Mongolia onward.

4th Canadian Division

7th Canadian Chapter (Guardsmen/Ninety-Five): The Guardsmen of the 7th Canadian Chapter have like many taking part in current operations - been involved in most of the post-Commonwealth operations of Canada, including as a supporting element for attacks on the CSS Forces in Washington State and Montana. Like the 4th Canadian Chapter, the 7th is also designated as a "Heavy Infantry/Armor" Chapter, featuring the Guardsmen (Infantry) and Ninety-Five (Armor) regiments respectively.
8th Canadian Chapter (Little Foot/Wind Surfers): The 8th Canadian Chapter like the 7th has served during operations in Washington State and Montana against CSS Forces and has gained ample experience through consistent training both at home and abroad. Unlike it's sister Chapter the 7th however, the 8th is designed as a Mobile Reconnaissance Regiment with special aptitude for forest-movement. This will prove crucial in supporting the push west, however more importantly provides a much needed QRF force within the Siberian Theater.

Canadian Slaughter Corp

The Canadian Slaughter Corp (Divisions 1-6): The Canadian Slaughter Corp recent an elite force that has been purpose built to eliminate and exterminate Unity personnel. Equipped with weapons that allow for the maximum killing potential - without losing combat effectiveness, they are designed to operate as shock troops and as mass-killing soldiers within the confines and safety of friendly lines. This naturally entails an increased level of ideological training alongside the standard infantry training under a combination of Standard, Rapid Deployment, and Heavy Infantry Regiment Training Programs.

Canadian Pioneers

The Canadian Pioneer Corp: Representing a new quasi-Canadian Ranger program, they will be working in tandem to provide high-level logistical support for the rapid establishment of Canadian dominance in the Russian theater. With training equivalent to existing Canadian Arctic Rangers - but with the added benefit of secondary education in commerce, international law, etc they will provide a massive benefit to Canadian logistics - limiting the strain on existing Canadian Rangers and Canadian Wildlife Services in order to allow for the continued mass takeover of former Unity lands. The existence of the Pioneer Corp will in effect allow the Canadian Rangers to relinquish the majority of their behind the lines logistical support responsibilities in favor of an increased emphasis on their front-line control operations. This allows the highly combat experienced Canadian Rangers to work in the more dangerous front-lines, while Quasi-rangers with specialization in logistics and commerce can effectively run the Canadian logistical front within the safety of the Canadian area of control.

CANSOFCOM (ADDITIONS)
PRIMARY CANSOFCOM INFORMATION
SECONDARY CANSOFCOM INFORMATION

Mobile Task Force 1 "Wanderers": Mobile Task Force 1 is the premier "conventional" unit of the JTF-2 and takes on most of the duties of the previous JTF-2 units. The Wanderers are nicknamed as such, due to their "jack-of-all-trades" philosophy which sees them doing everything from counter terror, direct action, special recon, hostage rescue, personnel recovery, and foreign internal defense.
Mobile Task Force 2 "Dyatlov's Men": Mobile Task Force 2 is specifically designed to eliminate hostile nuclear capabilities via insertion and physical access, alongside operations in "Hostile Environments" a result of chemical or nuclear warfare.
Mobile Task Force 10 "Alpha": MTF-10 is the 10th officially recognized Task Force of the MTF, and provides supporting roles to the other 9 MTFs. It is capable of operating in most conditions and achieving any objective, however is usually used to augment the other task forces in a supportive role. This makes MTF-10 another "all arounder" however unlike the MTF-1, is designed more to support other MTFs.
Mobile Task Force 12 "Rat King": The MTF-12 specializes in covert operations in enemy territory, specifically in Urban-underground environments or in darkened environments. They train both within the CSOTC but also in the underground bunker cities across Canada. The goal of the MTF-12 is to specialize in urban warfare and covert operations within Mega Cities beyond general combat. Including "gun running (supply running)", information spreading, and other non-conventional methods.
Mobile Task Force 13 "Lucky": MTF-13 "Lucky" specializes in the recovery of sensitive "anomalies" trained to handle both AI and equivalent physical softwares alongside more "supernatural" operations (see New Zealand).
Mobile task Force 14 "Rough Riders: Mobile Task Force 14 "Rough Riders" is a specific force designed as an elite Armored Warfare Special Forces, trained to eliminate other elite armoured units and deal with enemy forces using non-conventional, experimental, or other next-generation technologies above a small arms level.

OPERATIONAL INFORMATION

Operational Review: Operation - Force of a Thousand represents the culmination of the Federation's previous serious of large-scale operations against the Unity. It combines the forces previously operating under OP - TRANSMISSION and OP - MARCH OF TEN THOUSAND and revolves around the Canadian push for control over the remaining portions of Russia Prime.
However with the loss of the People's Republic of China as a viable combatant against the Unity due to the nuclear strikes and total incompetence and failure of the Chinese forces in Vladivostok, coupled with the pre-occupation of the Japanese forces in supporting Asia as a whole in clean up, the Canadian Forces must then prepare to operate alone with limited foreign support.
As was the case in the first series of operations, the rules of engagement remains clear, Kill On Sight, there are no innocent. All Unity will be cleansed through fire and Humanity shall be avenged.

MAP

MAP LEGEND

It is highly advised that you utilize the map as a frame of reference for all operations under OP - Force of a Thousand (Ground Operations). While smaller local maps are provided, the war plan wide map is provided to give readers a larger frame of reference.

Zones (Stages)

Blue Zone (Stage 0): Represents the areas already under total control of Canadian Forces or at this point uninhabited.
Purple Zone (Stage 1): Represents the first stage areas of Canadian Operations under Operation - Force of a Thousand
Orange Zone (Stage 2): Represents the second stage areas of Canadian Operations under Operation - Force of a Thousand
Green Zone (Stage 2.5): Represents a unique and critical portion of the second stage areas under Operation Force of a Thousand.
Red Zone (Stage 3): Represents the third and tentative final stage of the operations under Operation Force of a Thousand
Grey Zone (Stage 3.5): Represents the third and tentative final stage of operations under Operation Force of a Thousand (initiated in the event of a Columbian Republic failure in the Russian South).

Logistical Support Bases

House with Flag: Represents headquarter locations (see Murmansk for example)
Gas Pump: Represents a dedicated logistical supply point (See south of Murmansk for example)
Anchor: Represents a Naval Supply Point (See Arkhangelsk for example)
Plane: Represents a dedicated air-base (See Yakutsk or Surgut for example)
Castle: Represents a strategic forward operating base/hard defense point (See Vorenezh for example)
Circle with Square: Represents a Staging Ground - color coded by Stage of Movement.

Movement Lines (Stage Movements): Lines on map - originating from a Staging Ground and color coded based on stage.

OP - LONG PATROL

OP - LONG PATROL consists of the combined forces under the prior OP - HUNTER & RANGER alongside new addition forces to bolster force numbers and capability. Largely speaking LONG PATROL operations consist of much of the same as it's preceding operation, serving to augment Canadian Army operations by providing logistical support and command and control operations over the large swaths of Russian wilderness. They will continue to prove their worth in gaining control over the vast landscape - continuing to act as scouts for Canadian Army and now Slaughter Corp forces and finally will be charged in the establishment of the Canadian Logistical Supply Network.
Patrol Stages
Stage 0 (Blue Stage): The Stage 0 will be an overall short stage, in which techniques listed in Stage 1 will be utilized to gain total control over any remaining areas such as the Kamchatka Peninsula, Okhotsk coastline, and areas laying close to the 60th parallel.
Stage 1 (Purple Stage): Canadian Arctic Rangers and Canadian Wildlife Service Hunters will continue operations as planned, bringing the remaining swaths of Arctic/general wilderness (largely uninhabited) into Canadian control. These forces operating within the bounds of the Purple Stage Area, will utilize the same techniques as seen in OP - HUNTER AND RANGER and will work closely with close air support provided by the Canadian Air Force. [(OP - EXECUTIONER for Air Force & OP - QUARTER for Navy)]()
In both cases, the goal of Canadian Rangers and Licensed Hunters will be to act as spotters and scouting units on the ground for the Navy and Air Force operations. Confirming the locations of towns and settlements and then remaining in the area until the strikes are followed through with. They then determine the approximate casualties before proceeding in ordering another strike or moving in to eliminate the wounded. As all Rangers and Hunters are operating within FSP-3/4 suits, they will be protected from Napalm, Incendiary, or White Phosphorous related munitions which are being used to ensure maximum destruction. However they will wait a period of 10-12 hours to ensure the affects of White Phosphorous have dissipated, while utilizing the Raven Mk.2 Drones for surveillance. The use of Raven Mk.2 Drones will additionally allow Rangers/Hunters extended distances for surveillance purposes - ensuring maximum security.
Once again they will be acting as spotters/recon units focusing on eliminating and scouting the smaller towns and settlements (below 40,000 inhabitants) which can pose a problem for other ongoing operations. Largely in thanks to the subsistence training, the Rangers and Hunters will be able to operate for extended periods of time within the Arctic - while receiving constant resupplies from mother ships and bases.
Stage 2/2.5/3 (Orange/Green/Red):During the following phases, the operational goals of the Canadian Arctic Rangers/Hunters will transition from operations with freedom of mobility, to operations limited to the confines of largely uninhabited wilderness - made up of smaller settlements. They will continue to utilize scouting/information relay tactics as laid out during Stage 1 - in order to see the eradication of Unity inhabitants. Moving forward however, the primary goal becomes one of maintaining sovereignty over the vast Russian Wilderness. This change in goals coincides with the major change in overall landscape, transitioning from one of large-scale uninhabited wilderness, to lands more densely filled with large-scale settlements. The change in operational goals will allow the Canadian Rangers/Hunters to maintain optimum effectiveness.
Logistic Stages
Stage 0 (Blue Stage): The Canadian Pioneer Corp will be tasked in establishing a network of logistical stations throughout Blue Stage - to be completed in tandem with the beginning of the Armies Stage 1. As seen in the map, logistical stations will be built to include simple supply depots, headquarter bases, forward operating bases, air-base logistics, and ultimately the Pioneer Corp will be tasked in handling the general bulk-logistics which help augment Army logistics. They will work in close cooperation with Army Service Battalions in ensuring that a continual supply line can be established and defended in order to support the Canadian Army Invasion of the Unity.
Utilizing their vast fleets of specialized arctic/cold-weather vehicles they will be able to out-pace standard logistic forces operated by the PMC support forces - thus allowing said PMCs to take on more combat intensive roles. These PMC roles will include PMC Defense of the vital supply lines that lay deep within enemy territory (stages 2.5 onward).
Stage 1 (Purple Stage): Beginning once the Army initiates their own Stage 2 (Army enters the orange/green zones), the Canadian Pioneers protected loosely by PMC forces will begin the construction of the second phase of Logistical Supply Points within the broader network. These like those built in the blue zone, will be built within the protection of a pre-secured stage and so the level of threat will be far more minimal compared to the coming stage 2/3.
Additionally it highlights the importance of a layered advance, in which the Army in tandem with Canadian Slaughter Corp forces moves forward, clearing the way for the Canadian Pioneer Corp, as while the Canadian Pioneers are equipped with standard infantry-tier equipment, for maximum efficiency of operations it is advised that they operate the logistical supply network with impunity.
Stage 2/2.5 (Orange/Green): The second stage of the Logistical operations will consist of a more forward operating force of Pioneers under heavy PMC protection, constructing logistical supply points rapidly - and ideally timed with the Canadian Army's entrance into Stage 2.5/3. (Although the Army will advance regardless of the status of the network, as they are fully self sufficient through their internal chapter logistic corp.).
Stage 3 (Red): The third and final stage, is the most dangerous and will thus receive the highest amount of PMC protection. Stage three involves the Canadian Pioneers moving in immediately after an area is deemed secure by the Canadian Army, and then expanding said network logistic network appropriately. It is during stage 3, that the Pioneer corp will face the most risk - although between the Canadian Army and Slaughter Corp, Canadian Rangers, and PMC Forces, it is expected that this risk can be managed.
General Logistic Information: Priority construction is being given to the securing/construction of air bases/navy depots, strong-points (castles), and supply depots in that order. With headquarter buildings given the lowest priority as they are not essential to operations beyond future sovereignty control (as each Army Chapter maintains it's own mobile command).
The Canadian Logistical Supply Network is heavily based on the existing Canadian Forces Station which litter the Canadian Nation. The CFS stations being built within the Russian theater, are a highly trimmed down form of the Standard Issue Design of a CFS Station. Which excluding air bases, strong points, and naval depots - only includes the bare necessities for operations and defense to a level that will ensure high degrees of logistical support. Utilizing a system of Standard Issue Design, it allows the Canadian Forces to rapidly establish these small to medium scale bases without being a net-negative drain on the pre-existing supply lines.
Throughout the logistical operations, Canadian Pioneers will be heavily supported by Air Force logistics and CANSOFCOM 427 Support Squadron logistics. Additionally as each Canadian Pioneer is equipped with the FSP-3 system, they remain fully protected from radiation and chemical warfare.

OP - SPEAR

OP - SPEAR involves all forces previously dedicated to the securing of Vladivostok and Yakutsk and includes reinforcing Army Chapters and personnel from the Slaughter Corp. Like all operations, OP - SPEAR works closely with Air Force and Navy operations [(ExecutioneChosen + Quarter)]() in order to achieve mission objectives.
STAGE 0/1 (Force Movement Yellow)
STAGING GROUND VLADIVOSTOK & YAKUTSK: As OP - CHOSEN begins, Canadian Forces designated to Staging Ground Vladivostok will move through the Russian Vladivostok Region and through China/Mongolia^map as part of Stage 0/1 Movements (Yellow lines). This is being done with the approval of both China and Mongolia and will see forces move to/prepare at staging grounds in Mongolia, China, and Unity territory.
It is expected that following the total destruction of Unity Army, Air, Air Defense, Navy, and Command assets within the region - and in tandem with additional nucleaconventional strikes by Canadian Forces that the movement of troops through the Stage 1 Region (Purple) will be relatively without hazard. Although forces are prepared for potential combat - and have large-scale air support.
As the bulk of new reinforcements progress from the Vladivostok Staging Ground, the bulk of existing Army Chapters will move from Staging Ground Yakutsk, acting as a forward shield for forces in transit - in the hopes that any Unity forces surviving the initial nuclear strikes (and lacking radar, aircraft, or any other form of intelligence gathering capability) will be drawn to the amassing forces at Staging Ground Amazar. The close proximity of Staging Ground Yakutsk and Staging Ground Amazar - also means that Unity forces should be negligible. Especially taking into consideration the active distribution of forces sees the nearest force in Chita, being largely disconnected from the larger force in Ude and then further to the Tomsk Force.
Additionally due to the Canadian Air Force nuking both, it is believed increasing disarray of Unity ability to coordinate will naturally follow if not seeing the entire Unity army forces eliminated.
MTF-1 Wanderers which specialize in forward operations among other specializations, will be acting as scout forces in order to alleviate concerns of ambush. They will be moving ahead of the main force, acting in a rapid scout formation and taking advantage of Canada's vast air superiority.
STAGE 2 (Force Movement Blue)
As the overall makeup of the remaining Unity Army personnel will be largely speaking "unknown" beyond information gained through satellite and reconnaissance, the invasion of what is being called the Krasnoyarsk Region has been divided into 5 staging ground, each achieving a specific objective in overall operations under Stage 2. This therefore relies on the high quality organization of Canadian Chapters which has emphasized Chapter Level Logistical and Operational Independence as early as the early/mid 2020s.
Additionally through the spreading of forces and attack points, it will greatly decrease the amount of overall congestion of forces on roadways, reducing downtime and increasing mobility. Which will allow for the rapid conquest of potentially completely eradicated cities.
STAGING GROUND AMAZAR: Staging Ground Amazar will involve the bulk of Canadian Forces Chapters operating under OP - SPEAR. Consisting of the 12th and 13th Canadian Divisions, they will begin their movement from Amazar proceeding to move through and eliminate hostile forces as they transit to the end goal which is Stage 2.5 - Staging Ground Kuybyshev. As they reach the designated checkpoints of Chita, Ulan-Ude, Krasnoyarsk, and Novosibirsk, they will be joined by pincer forces moving from other staging ground. Some resistance is expected - especially in the cities of Chita, Ulan-Ude, and the area of Tomsk-Novosibirisk, however with all four noted locations being bombarded heavily by conventional and nuclear warheads continually, it is expected to be limited resistance.
Forces moving from Staging Ground Amazar will receive the MTF-1 Wanderers as their forward reconnaissance unit, acting to confirm the level of resistance expected moving forward (to ease mental tension when possible while maintaining high alert status).
Due to the nature of the invasion by other Staging Grounds, it will be imperative that Force Amazar is able to reach it's objectives in tandem with pincer forces.
STAGING GROUND HULUNBUIR: Force Hulunbuir will consist of the 3rd Canadian Chapter pushing in from Staging Ground Hulunbuir to the city of Chita. They will make a rapid transit to the city of Chita, acting as a "diversion" while the much larger Force Amazar pushes through the city from the East.
Force Hulunbuir will also be tasked in dealing with the remnant survivors of the Unity 36th Mechanized Brigade which will have been nuked in the lead up to the invasion under OP - CHOSEN. By engaging the 36th Mechanized before Force Amazar will have reached Chita-Prime, it will draw the attention of any surviving units in Chita (which should be limited to begin with) to defense of the South.
Force Hulunbuir has been provided a JTF-3 Task Force (100 Spec Ops) to act as the mobile reconnaissance force, they will determine the overall status of local resistance - and the status of the 36th Mechanized/Chita Garrison for force Hulunbuir. Should the cities prove to have little to no resistance, Force Hulunbuir will push through and immediately move to support Force Sukhbaatar should it be necessary, allowing Force Amazar to move through Chita and secure the area.
Once Chita and Ulan-Ude are both secure, Force Hulunbuir will be consumed under the broader Force Amazar as it continues westward.
Note: Force Chita begins its operations at the same time as Force Amazar.
STAGING GROUND SUKHBAATAR: Force Sukhbaatar has been tasked with the immediate reconnaissance and engagement of remnant surviving forces in Ulan-Ude. The 22nd Chapter has thus been given the duty of a immediately pushing North towards Ulan-Ude, destroying Unity survivors as they proceed forward.
A JTF-3 Task Force (100 Spec Ops) has been assigned to act as the mobile reconnaissance for this force, providing status on local resistance. Additionally, it is expected that Force Sukhbataar will face immediate combat from the 37th Mechanized which stations just north of Sukhbataar. While the surviving force should be limited in capability as it is pegged to be nuked, caution will be maintained regardless through the approach on Khyagt (which bases the 37th Mechanized).
Once engaging Ulan-Ude itself, the force will have 3 different potential goals based on the status of Ulan-Ude and progress made by Force AmazaHulunbuir. Should Ulan-Ude showcase strong resistance which the 22nd Chapter is unable to fully destroy without force Amazar, than they will halt the advance and establish a strong-point roughly 40km from Ulan-Ude, keeping the force within artillery bombardment range and surge-range, while awaiting the bulk-force.
Should however Ulan-Ude fall with ease, than the Force Sukhbaatar will move to either pincer Chita (should Force AmazaHulunbuir be struggling) - or will immediately move forward towards Irkutsk, Tulun, and Tayshet - halting when they face significant enough resistance that would require the bulk of the force (should Force AmazaHulunbuir not require assistance).
With Chita and Ulan-Ude both secure, Force Sukhbaatar will be consumed under the broader Force Amazar as it continues westward. This will serve to ease logistical strains that come with operating a high number of mobile and independent strike forces.
STAGING GROUND SAGIL-DAVST: Force Sagil-Davst is the first of two "forward strike forces" which will seek an early conquest and establishment of a strongpoint in Kuybyshev. The increased level of isolation from the broader Force Amazar has led us to assigning the first of the two (which should be facing the lesser resistance of the two to the 4th Chapter which is a Heavy Infantry/Armour Chapter.
The 4th Chapter which features equipment such as Heavy Infantry Fighting Vehicles, will be able to push it's way through the limited forces in Kyzyl, Abakan, and Krasnoyarsk. In this way, Force Sagil-Davst replicates the earlier techniques used in the push South from Murmansk when PMC/Army forces made forward-attacks to halt enemy advances and secure forward cities.
It is also imperative that the 4th Chapter succeed, in order to relieve and support the 21st Chapter (Force Tsagaanuur) by moving from Krasnoyarsk westward towards Novosibirsk. In essence Force Sagil-Davst is the forward most cleaver of the Army in the East, acting to eliminate Unity survivors and clear a path for the bulk Force Amazaar as it approaches - while relieving the 21st Chapter which is expected naturally to see a heavier level of resistance.
Throughout the push, the Force Sagil-Davst will feature a JTF-3 Task Force (100 spec op) for forward reconnaissance.
Once Krasnoyarsk is secure - and Force Amazar has caught up to the broader front - Force Sagil-Davst will be merged into Force Tsagaanur.
STAGING GROUND TSAGAANUUR: Force Tsagaanuur is the furthest forward "strike force" and is also expected to potentially see the highest degree of resistance. The extreme isolation from other Forces and the nature of the heavily defended Novosibirisk (although ultimately dealing with survivors of nuclear strikes), has led the Canadian Army to assign the 21st Chapter which is a Special Infantry/Armour Deployment Chapter. They are the third most elite Canadian Chapter - and one of the few SIDs (alongside the Eastwatch and Blackwatch) with high-level combat experience.
as a Special Infantry/Armour Deployment Chapter, they will be expected to push forward and establish a strong point in Barnaul, before sending splinter forces to destroy the mechanized brigade which lay south of Barnaul (which has also been nuked). As this is happening, the force of the SID will move to engage Novosibirsk in a "tentative-engagement" avoiding any engagements that could prove to be a negative decisive defeat. Thus limiting casualties significantly while Force Sagil-Davst and the broader Force Amazar come within range.
Like the other operating forces, Force Tsagaanuur will feature a JTF-3 task force (although of 200 spec op) for forward reconnaissance.
Following the capture of Novosibirk and destruction of any remaining forces in the area, they will be joined by Force Sagil-Davst.
STAGE 3 (Force Movement Black)
STAGING GROUND KUYBYSHEV: The combined Force Amazar and Tsagaanuur will be replenished by their respective Primary Reserve Chapters which capable of immediately filling gaps created through casualties. This will mean that during all stages the Force Amazar and Tsagaanuur will begin at full strength.
While ideally Force Movement Black will occur in tandem with the Western Front, Force AmazaTsagaanuur will not wait and will immediately push into Stage 3 once ready. This will involve the combined force of AmazaTsagaanuur making the approach through highly undefended and open area of the Omsk-Ishim corridor. From here the force will split with Force Amazar moving north to engage Tyumen and then Yekaterinburg while Force Tsagaanuur will move south to engage Kurgan and then Chelyabinsk.
With the bulk of forces (Amazar) set to deal with the large more conventional army units (although like all other major targets have been nuked in the lead up) in Yekaterinburg, this has left Force Tsagaanuur which consists of a Heavy Infantry/Armour Chapter and a Special Infantry/Armour Chapter to deal with the primarily armotank units of Chelyabinsk. With both chapters naturally by design placing heavier emphasis on Heavy Infantry Fighting Vehicles, Tanks, and Armoured Fighting Vehicles over APCs and standard IFVs, they are the perfect force for engaging the Chelyabinsk survivors.
Once Yekaterinburg and Chelyabinsk are engaged, whichever force succeeds in gaining control first will then move to assist the other. Moving either north or south respectively between Yekaterinburg and Chelyabinsk.
Following both major hold-outs being deemed secure, they will move to support the conquest of the remaining Stage 3 Area alongside the Western Front - afterwards both forces will be subsumed into the broader Force Volgograd.

OP - EAST MARCH

OP - EAST MARCH consists of the forces previously dedicated to securing the Murmansk-Vologda area and includes reinforcing chapters and personnel from the Slaughter Corp. Like all operations, OP - EAST MARCH works closely with the air force in order to achieve mission objectives. Therefore it falls once again unto the Black Watch and East Watch to see the Unity's destruction.
Additionally as is the case for OP - SPEAR, the related Reserve Chapters will act to resupply/replenish losses on an as needed basis.
Stage 0/1 (Force Movement Yellow)
STAGING GROUND ST. PETERSBURG & VOLOGDA: Staging Grounds St. Petersburg and Vologda represent the combined forces of Force St. Petersburg and Force Vologda which will be moving to secure the broader Moscow-Vladimir-Novgorod area. Moscow, Vladimir, and Nizhny Novgorod which have all been subject to American Republic and now Canadian nuclear strikes are expected to have very little resistance if any life at all given the vast extent of American and then Canadian nuclear strikes. In this manner, Force St. Petersburg will consist of all Pacific Republic Forces in theater moving from Staging Ground St. Petersburg and forces moving from Minsk. Meanwhile Force Vologda is all Canadian Forces previously operating in theater. While Force St. Petersburg will be tasked with the securing of Moscow, they will be supported by MTF-2, MTF-12, and MTF-13 alongside the Canadian Slaughter Corp in order to eliminate any remaining survivors within the Unity bunkers. MTF-2 which specializes in chemical/nuclear environments will act to locate entrances and ventilation ducts for the Metro Bunker System while Mobile Task Force 12 which specializes in underground warfare alongside MTF-13 which specializes in anomaly recovery, will act to eliminate those in the bunkers once entrances and ventilation is found.
Elimination will come in the manner of preventing the entrances from being used, while ventilation ducts will be used to flood the bunkers with a mixture of Napalm, Oil, and Gas before the bunker is set ablaze, burning all survivors alive. From here, the entrances will be opened and MTF-12 will lead the Slaughter Corp through the bunkers and deal with any hold-out areas that the fire could not reach. Although this plan may not occur assuming the bunkers remain in a perpetual state of fire.
Force Vologda (Bulk of the Canadian Force) will be tasked in securing Vladimir and then Niznhy Novgorod for future operations and begin preparations for the assault on Perm and Samara.
Stage 2/3 (Force Movement Blue/Black)
STAGING GROUND VLADIMIR & CHEBOKSARY: The combined Canadian Forces from Vladimir and Cheboksary will immediately move to secure the "Green Zone" by first securing the all important lanes within "Orange Zone" that reach Kazan, Saratov, and ultimately the cities within the Green Zone itself. The Volga River will be utilized as a natural line of defense as Canadian Forces move into Green Zone Staging Grounds.
Once Green Zone is secure, Canadian Forces will push to join the forces under OP - SPEAR by first encircling and striking the death blow on Samara and Perm, before systematically destroying Ufa and Orenburg before arriving in Yekaterinburg and Chelyabinsk. Should it be required, said forces will then push towards Tyumen and Omsk assuming Force Amazar has failed in reaching it's Stage 2 in time.
The techniques employed during these phases will mirror those used in OP - SPEAR, with MTF/JTF Reconnaissance teams, and a layered/mobile form of warfare being employed. Additionally the MTF-14 "Rough Ridrres" which is a specific force designed as an elite Armoured Warfare Special Force will move first through Samara and then over the flat terrain towards Chelyabinsk, driving a wedge between the Unity survivors in Samara and Buzuluk before reaching Chelyabinsk itself.
STAGING GROUND MOSCOW: Force Moscow represents the bulk of the Pacific Forces who will also be distributed all important FSP-A2/FSP-3 Systems from the Canadian Reserve equipment, to allow them the ability to operate within the Radiated/Chemical environment that will be created. (American Army Vehicles/upgraded ones tend to be able to operate within such environments)
The task of Force Moscow will be to seize and control the series of Strong Points along the Voronezh/Saratov Line, before proceeding in the invasion of the Caucasus. The Columbian Republic will be accompanied by Canadian Army Officers and Canadian Cultural Enforcement Officers providing strategic/tactical guidance to ensure that the Columbian invasion of the Caucasus/establishing of strong points mirrors those of Canada. (Refer to past stages under Amazar, Tsagaanuur, and VladimiCheboksary). (Note lack of movement lines for invasion of Caucasus - map limits) - Note that Canadian Forces after seizing Stage 3 (Red) will move to assist the Columbian Republic should it be necessary.

[CONFLICT] WAR PLAN - FATE (2/4)

OPERATION - MARCH OF TEN THOUSAND

Part of the People's Federation of Canada's - WAR PLAN - 14
Approved by the National Champion - Elizabeth "WEEABOO" May
Approved by the Director of the Armed Forces - Felix Moraine
In cooperation with the United Commonwealth Realms
Note all operations are occurring concurrently
SITUATION AND INFORMATION

Situation: With Chinese operations beginning in North-Eastern Russia alongside Japanese expeditionary forces, it becomes ever important that the People's Federation of Canada acts in order to eliminate the growing Unity threat in our backdoor. Therefore the East Watch and Black Watch alongside other units have been ordered to make immediate landfall establishing footholds within the Siberian Region.
This will prove to be a primarily maritime operation with heavy focus on the use of air superiority and specialized units in arctic operations including the multiple Canadian Ranger Chapters designated for Arctic Operations.
Further under the support of overwhelming air superiority, we will seek to operate freely within the Far North after sufficiently destroying the Unity military grasp on the Far North. The ultimate goal is to see the Unity immediately surrender the Far North deeming it unfeasible to retake, as the Unity will suffer from the Arctic Winter in ways that Canadian Forces will not thanks to extended training in the field. Additionally it is hoped that the Chinese-Japanese attacks on Unity Siberia/Kamchatka/Pacific Russia will see the majority of Northern Forces dispatched and moved to differing positions.
Throughout operations the United Commonwealth Realms will be acting in tandem to ensure the maximum efficiency in achieving tactical and strategic goals against the Unity. For the time being - Canadian and Commonwealth forces will be cooperating closely in order to ensure the destruction of a common enemy that has proven it's danger to world security on numerous occasions.

Involved Units

1st Canadian Corp
6th Canadian Division

11th Canadian Chapter (Black Watch/Alpha): "Six Feet Down" is the Motto of the premier SIDs Chapter, the Black Watch Special Infantry Deployment Regiment alongside their Special Armoured Deployment Regiment are one of the few elite SIDs regiments, and given the extreme danger of the Unity it has been decided that the use of multiple SIDs regiments will be required. The Black Watch are also our most outwardly experienced SIDs regiment excluding the Glamour Boys - having operated in Timor Leste, Guyana, and multiple other frontiers. They additionally received arctic weather training in the former USA NWTC which will prove extremely helpful moving forward.
12th Canadian Chapter (East Watch/Omega): If the Black Watch are heading Six Feet Down, then the East Watch are always First Into Hell. They will be deploying ahead of the Black Watch in an effort to secure an operational area for future use. Additionally they have received arctic training in the former USA NWTC just as their sister chapter has.

7th Canadian Division The 7th Canadian Division is one of our premier Reconnaissance and Arctic Warfare Divisions, working in tandem alongside the 13th Canadian Division, they have multiple legacy era Arctic Training Operations under their belt alongside further arctic training and including active deployment experience in Alaska.

13th Canadian Chapter (Pinewood Foresters/9th RADR): Consisting of the 3rd Mobile Reconnaissance Regiment and 9th Rapid Armored Deployment Regiment, the 13th Canadian Chapter combines "Forester capabilities" and rapid deployment capabilities, as seen in the "Important Army Formations" piece. Additionally as one of the main units involved during the Assault on Juneau - they come with additional combat and live Arctic training experience.
14th Canadian Chapter (North Wind/4th AR): Consisting of the 5th Infantry Regiment "North Wind" and 4th Armoured Regiment, the 14th Canadian Chapter has been trained both in arctic warfare and cold-weather warfare primarily in CFB Suffield, CFB Enterprise, and various CFS-SB locations in the Arctic. Additionally as one of the main units involved during the Push for Fairbanks - they come with additional combat and live Arctic training experience.

11th Canadian Division:

21st Canadian Chapter (Glamour Boys/3rd SADR): Consisting of the 48th Special Infantry Deployment Regiment and the 3rd Special Armoured Deployment Regiment, the 21st Canadian Brigade is a specialist brigade, acting as one of our elite "cleaner crews" capable of taking on any warzone and operate in any environment. They have an additional bonus of having operated within the Alaskan Front during the American Civil War and therefore come with greater experience.
22nd Canadian Chapter (North Shore/2nd AR): Consisting of the 3rd Infantry Regiment and 2nd Armoured Regiment, the 22nd Brigade is a premier "standard-infantry" brigade, capable of all forms of operations. They have an additional bonus of having operated within the Alaskan Front during the American Civil War and therefore come with greater experience.

12th Canadian Divison: the 12th Canadian Division features the premier Forest MRR unit. Having experienced extensive woodland and highland legacy operations and having been involved in past deployments to the dense Jungles of Brazil the units featured within the 12th are of the utmost elite. They additionally benefit from having experienced live-arctic conditions during Alaskan operations

23rd Canadian Chapter (Westies/Columbian Dragoons): Consisting of the 6th Infantry Regiment and 5th Armoured Regiment, the Westies-Columbian are a premier standard Canadian Brigade and had been primarily involved in the push to Gakona, Alaska during the American Civil War.
24th Canadian Chapter (Simcoe Foresters/Yukon Rangers): The Simcoe Foresters and Yukon Rangers are our premier Mobile Reconnaissance Regiment specializing in forest environments. The Yukon Rangers being the 5th Rapid Armoured Deployment Regiment will also prove useful in ensuring fast responses to potential threats. They also participated in the push for Gakona during the American Civil War

13th Canadian Division: The 13th Canadian Division is one of the primary Arctic Divisions, having experienced multiple legacy era Arctic Training Operations and conducting further arctic training alongside active deployment experience in Alaska.

25th Canadian Chapter (Snow Walkers/Shilo's Dragoons): The 25th Canadian Chapter is made up of one of our premier Arctic-Cold Weather Infantry Regiments/Armoured Regiments, the 9th Regiment "Snow Walkers" and the 6th Armoured Regiment "Shilo's Dragoons" are specialists in harsh arctic-cold weather environments. Additionally as one of the main units involved during the Push for Fairbanks - they come with additional combat and live Arctic training experience.
26th Canadian Chapter (Lucky 13/North Star): The 26th Canadian Chapter was the brigade initially deployed to defending the Canadian Arctic, ergo the 13th Infantry Regiment was unofficially known as the "Lucky 13". Their constant training will prove extremely useful during this operation. Additionally as one of the main units involved during the Push for Fairbanks - they come with additional combat and live Arctic training experience.

1st & 2nd Canadian Rangers Regiment: The Canadian Rangers which themselves are Locally raised infantry based on the idea of army-trained reconnaissance, scouts, guides, and independent/semi-solo operators will be operating alongside Canadian Army personnel in order to establish sovereignty and control over the vaster and far more isolated portions of the Unity Arctic/Siberia. They also benefit from having trained and actioned on said operational strategies during the Alaskan War in which Ranger Regiments proved crucial in wrestling for control over the vast Alaskan Wilderness.
Canadian Wildlife Services: Recently recruited expert hunters which even included Steven Rinella will be operating alongside Canadian Army and Ranger units in order to facilitate logistical concerns within the Arctic Tundra. These highly trained experts in hunting above the Arctic Circle, will prove invaluable to our operations which will see the environment as a far more dangerous thing than the Unity military presence in the area.
CANSOFCOM

Mobile Task Force 3 "Sunshine": MTF-3 "Sunshine" is specifically involved in counter-insurgency and anti-guerrilla warfare, trained both in the conducting but also hunting of insurgents. They are the premier MTF in terms of eliminating the "hard to find" organizational structures of insurgents, terrorists, and other irregular and non-conventional forces. The MTF-3 most recently conducted operations against American CSS operators successfully.
Mobile Task Force 9 "Denny's": MTF-9 is a "recovery" team, capable of rapid insertions to terminate or recover targets and trains for both urban and suburban warfare. Where the MTF-1 and standard army forces can conduct operations in "natural environments" the MTF-9 specializes in populated environments. The MTF-9 has also operated alongside other operations within Alaska, gaining increased arctic warfare experience
427 Special Operations Aviation Squadron (SOAS): The 427th is the Special Operations Aviation Squadron for CSOR. They provide aviation support to the JTF-2 and other special forces, and can operate in any environment or condition. They number at 300 and are divided into 3 teams of 100. The 427th has also operated alongside other operations within Alaska, gaining increased arctic warfare experience
343 Armed Aviation Overwatch Squadron AAOS: The 343 AAOS is designed as a specialized Armed Overwatch force with the objective being to protect and support other CANSOFCOM units in the field. Furthermore the 343 AAOS is also designed to be an elite team of pilots, in order to counter and eliminate elite hostile air units. They utilize lighter strike fighters and air superiority aircraft, unlike the current doctrine of Canadian Air Force units. This creates a highly versatile and aggressive unit, capable of easily destroying hostile elite air units from other countries.
JTF-3 Task Forces: A larger-scale unit designed to tackle special forces that operate in larger units such as lower level Spetnaz, American Army Rangers (And APR equivalents-Phoenix). The goal of the 5,000 strong JTF-3 which is broken into teams of 100, is to facilitate larger scale operations under the command and guidance of the JTF-2. And to facilitate operations under the broader CSOR.
Naval Tactical Operations Group: A small-scale unit as part of CANSOFCOM-NAVY, that will be assisting MTF-3 and JTF-1/3 in securing landing sites.

The Tsai Conglomerate: The Tsai Conglomerate will be providing logistical and combat support - augmenting Canadian Forces.
The Hudson Bay Company: The Hudson Bay Company which specializes in cold-weather warfare, will be providing combat and logistical support in order to augment Canadian Forces.
The Cascade Company: Is the Premier PMC Company, famed for taking St. Pierre and Miquelon among many other isolated and cold-weather locations.
The 1st Commonwealth Field Corp: The 1st Commonwealth Field Corps include officers with critical experience from OPERATION EXODUS.

OPERATIONAL INFORMATION

Operational Review: As Canadian Air Force and Navy operations continue to hammer the Unity techno-plague with extreme lethality - the Canadian Army supported on the ground by CANSOFCOM, Contractors, Canadian Rangers, and the Canadian Wildlife Services will begin marching through Russia with the intent to wrestle control over the Russian Far North.
Initial goals will include the establishing of basing areas within the Russian Arctic - following strikes as part of broader operations under [OPERATION WINGS OF FREEDOM](). Additionally Canadian Forces alongside Commonwealth and Pacific Republic Forces will move through Unity controlled Russia via NATO Allies.
Strict adherence to the Rules of Engagement are being demanded - which broadly means Kill On Sight, there are no innocent.

OP - LONE DARK

MAP
OP - LONE DARK represents an extremely important operation acted upon by the CANSOFCOM forces previously listed. The goal will be to secure future forward operating bases for larger numbers of Canadian Forces - and the operations will occur immediately following OP - EXECUTIONER and OP - DARK ANGEL while simultaneously receiving air superiority cover via [OP - FREEDOM]().
OP - LONE DARK has been split into three distinct categories, owing to the increasing threat as you move further south. We will cover each by phase.
Phase 1 - Green: Locations encircled in Green, represent the easiest targets for CANSOFCOM operations due to isolation and the destruction which will be caused by air and sea operations. They also represent important stepping stones into the Unity Lands, and will allow Canadian Forces to operate with impunity from highly secure air bases.
The CANSOFCOM will therefore following the total destruction of Russian Force Capabilities, launch simultaneous assaults on the airbases encircled in green, further supported by Navy and Air Task Forces to ensure victory. It is the hope that all defenses at all locations will be completely destroyed prior to the assaults made by Canadian CANSOFCOM (our special forces) in order to maximize our potential success. JTF-3 Teams (100 personnel per team x 2 teams per location) will launch their initial assaults against Sites 2, 4, and 5 - and will be heavily supported by Navy, Air, and Army personnel. Meanwhile the Naval Tactical Operations Group will be charged with the assault on location 1 while the MTF-3 "Sunshine"/a JTF-3 support team will be tasked in delivering the final blow against location 3. These choices have been made due to the presumed build-up or lack thereof of forces, allowing the JTF-3 teams to take the lesser defended locations while ensuring our most elite the NTOG and MTF-3 will handle the more defended locations.
In all cases however, the Unity lacks any significant Army personnel - and it is expected that the vast majority of survivors will be non-combatant support personnel who despite having the technical knowledge - have proven before that they can coordinate in excess but lack physical qualities and skills necessary to remain efficient. Once again it should be noted that the Air Force and Navy operations conducted against all locations - should ensure very little if any survivors.
Once the bases are secure and any Unity personnel remaining now eliminated, CANSOFCOM will begin the immediate reconstruction of airfields and bases using supplies provided by the Navy and Air Force in order to rebuild the airfields/logistical navy facilities for our own use moving forward. CANSOFCOM Forces will also establish pre-fabricated high-volume radio frequency emitters (radio towers) in order to bring down the Unity efficiency further.
Additionally Navy and Air units will deploy THAAD and Patriot systems to each location in green once secure, providing an additional layer of cruise missile and SAM Defense to ensure security moving forward alongside air superiority. Each green location will receive 1 THAAD System and 2 Patriot systems with full payloads.
Phase 2 - Purple: The Purple Phase will be conducted solely by MTF-3 "Sunshine"/JTF-3 Support and will move to take the purple location (6). Again the purple location will have received a secondary round of bombardment following the initial strikes in order to ensure that there will be no response. This operation will be conducted immediately after securing Green Location 3 in order to rapidly take control of the East Siberian Sea area. Once again we expect to face similar resistance as in Green Locations - however JTF-3 Team 2/3 (tasked with taking green location 2) will be present to support operations should it be necessary. Once secure, the same rebuilding procedures will occur, and the Purple Location will receive 3 patriot systems and will also be under the umbrella protection of the THAAD system in Green Location 3. Likewise with Green Locations, the Purple location will also receive pre-fabricated high volume radio frequency emitters.
Phase 3 - Blue: Phase 3 will not occur until forces of the Pacific, Commonwealth, and Canada move on their European based targets. This is to ensure that any Unity air or army forces moving to Blue Locations 7/8 are diverted to respond to the much larger forces moving on Murmansk and through Europe to Belarus. Additionally Blue Locations will receive have received a third round of bombardment and will be under the cover of Canadian/Commonwealth Air Superiority and so the taking of both locations should occur simultaneously and end in victory. Additionally movement on Blue Locations will not occur until the Commonwealth Navy is confident in it's control of the Barent/Kara Sea as part of OP - EXECUTIONER. However the taking of Blue Locations 7/8 is extremely critical to broader strategic goals as it will provide total air superiority for Canadian Forces moving forward.
Once NTOG/JTF-3/MTF-3 teams are confident in their security and with Commonwealth confidence in control of the Barent/Kara, they will move on locations 7/8 following additional air strikes. We once again expect there to be limited personnel as these are not commonly known or inhabited bases - and any reinforcements would have been turned back by the Air Superiority and Navy Superiority Operations. Once secure, the bases will each receive a THAAD System and 2 Patriot-3 Systems. This will when combined with future air and sea dockings, ensure the security of the bases and will guarantee our striking capabilities on the rest of Russia. Naturally damages to airfields and logistical depots will be repaired. Likewise with Green Locations, the blue locations will also receive pre-fabricated high volume radio frequency emitters.
Post Phase: Following the successful taking of the airfields in question, and with radio frequency emitters operating at full charge in order to reduce Unity capabilities (hopefully increasing our own defensive capabilities), CANSOFCOM units will begin augmenting forces in Murmansk and Yakutsk/Siberia. MTF-3 Sunshine and the JTF-3 teams will then be operating closely with Canadian Rangers as part of OP-RANGER while the NTOG focus on defense.

OP - HUNTER & RANGER
MAP

Similar to their operations during WAR PLAN - HOPE and as part of the Arctic Ranger program, Canadian Ranger Regiments will be tasked in reconnaissance and sovereignty control over the Canadian (formerly Russian) Siberia. As Canadian Rangers are recruited solely from Arctic/Alaskan Natives who specialize in subsistence living and isolated hunting/scouting operations, and are then trained to Canadian Infantry Standards, they will prove vital in wrestling for control over Siberia. Furthermore they are augmented by 20,000 professional hunters who specialize in arctic hunting and subsistence living and received limited Infantry Training before deployment. The OP - H&R has been broken into two distinct parts, coinciding with the growing air umbrella as part of OP - LONE DARK and OP - FREEDOM/EXTERMINATION.
Phase 1 - Yellow Phase: One Canadian Ranger Regiment alongside 10,000 professional subsistence hunters, operating from Canadian Arctic Explorer Vessels and Clarence Shipping Northwest Passage Freighters, will begin making landfall under the cover of air superiority and bombardment.
In the Pacific MAP region, following mass bombardment of Unity Towns within the region (all towns) under OP - EXTERMINATION, landings will be made at the now largely uninhabited/disarrayed towns in blue by standard infantry Canadian Rangers. Meanwhile Licensed Hunters will make landfall at completely uninhabited purple areas, and begin pushing in as recon units.
In the Arctic-Siberia MAP region, once again following mass bombardment of all towns under OP - EXTERMINATION, landings will be made both within the larger Bol'shoy Arkticheskiy Area, and also at the blue-outlined towns. It is once again expected that these towns will now be uninhabited thanks to the use of extreme force. Unlike the Pacific Region however, Hunters will be offered freedom to roam within the confines of the initial Yellow Lined Region and will work in far more proximity to Dikson and the Canadian Ranger units in the area.
In both cases, the goal of Canadian Rangers and Licensed Hunters will be to act as spotters and scouting units on the ground for the Navy and Air Force operations. Confirming the locations of towns and settlements and then remaining in the area until the strikes are followed through with. They then determine the approximate casualties before proceeding in ordering another strike or moving in to eliminate the wounded. As all Rangers and Hunters are operating within FSP-3/4 suits, they will be protected from Napalm, Incendiary, or White Phosphorous related munitions which are being used to ensure maximum destruction. However they will wait a period of 10-12 hours to ensure the affects of White Phosphorous have dissipated, while utilizing the Raven Mk.2 Drones for surveillance. The use of Raven Mk.2 Drones will additionally allow Rangers/Hunters extended distances for surveillance purposes - ensuring maximum security.
Phase 2 - Pink Phase: Following the successful reaching of Yellow Phase, and the taking of Purple Location 6. The Canadian Rangers and Licensed Hunters operating in Arctic Siberia and Pacific will begin working in tandem to bring a rough line of control up to the pink line on the map. Once again they will be acting as spotters/recon units in addition to maintaining logistical support for Canadian CANSOFCOM and Army Units operating under EASTWATCH OR LONG MARCH. The same protocols within Phase 1 still apply. Focusing on eliminating and scouting the smaller towns and settlements (below 20,000 inhabitants) which can pose a problem for other ongoing operations. Largely in thanks to the subsistence training, the Rangers and Hunters will be able to operate for extended periods of time within the Arctic - while receiving constant resupplies from mother ships and bases. However due to OP - FREEDOM/EXTERMINATION, they will also be inspecting towns such as Norilsk, Novy Urengoy, etc, however will avoid direct confrontation - instead relying on raids to ensure the death of the population centers.
Post Phases: Following the success of Phases 1/2, now uninhabited towns will be turned into forward operating bases for Ranger and Hunter units, receiving constant supply from Canadian Arctic Vessels and Air dropped supplies. This will help extend the range and time of solo-operators while also allowing Rangers and Hunters the capability to begin assisting in establishing further logistical support for Canadian Army units operating within the area. Additionally Rangers will begin assisting Canadian Army Engineers in establishing an ice-road (akin to those in Alaska that are used by semi-trucks) along the flat lands towards Yakutsk from the base of Tiski (Purple Circle)

OP - LONG MARCH

The 11th, 12th, and 13th Canadian Divisions under the 1st Canadian Corps have been tasked with securing a Canadian foothold in Eastern Siberia. This will be achieved following the completion of OP - EXECUTIONER and the establishment of OP - FREEDOM which will ensure complete naval (surface/sub-surface) and air dominance in the Eastern Siberian/Pacific Region.
Following the mass bombardment of Magadan, Balagannoye, Talon, Tauysk, Arman, Ola, and Sokol under OP - DARK ANGEL and with confirmation of naval supremacy, the 11th, 12th, and 13th Divisions under extreme carrier escort (2-4 CSGs/40 Submarines) will in BFG vessels move to make landfall at the areas around Balagannoye, Tauysk, and if Magadan appears to offer limited resistance - Arman as well. From here the 11th, 12th, and 13th divisions under cover of total air superiority and naval supremacy, will move along the P/R481 Roadway while also establishing a beachhead to receive Canadian Contractor landfalls. From here, the Canadian Army augmented by Canadian PMCs will move along the P481 until reaching the junction known as "Mask of Sorrow". It is expected that all towns including those being landed at, will have very little resistance both due to the lack of Russian Army units or QRF forces in the area - and as we are bombing them with White Phosphorous.
Once the Junction is reached, the 11th, 12th, and 13th Divisions will proceed to cut across the P481 towards the P-504 Main Highway alongside the Tsai Conglomerate Forces (Blue/Green Arrows), meanwhile the Hudson Bay Company will take up a defensive position within the Mask of Sorrow Region - establishing checkpoints and defensive points to ensure that Unity techno-plague movement does not occur beyond that point. Likewise a force of 10,000 Tsai Contractors will proceed to break off (green arrows) moving along the secondary road out of Magadan, once again establishing defensive positions. The City of Magadan which will have previously been heavily bombarded by cluster, white phospherous and a mixture of other munitions under OP - FREEDOM will have very little in the way of survivors. The Tsai and Hudson Contractors will therefore be expected to take control of the City of Magadan - utilizing whatever means necessary. Once control of Magadan is achieved - the process of eliminating any remaining Unity survivors will begin alongside the establishing of Magadan as a significant basing of port operations for resupply into the Siberian Pacific. MTF-9 Denny's will be supporting the Contractors in their assault on the City of Magadan, as they specialize in urban warfare.
The 11th, 12th, and 13th Divisions alongside Tsai Contractors will proceed to meet up with pre-established support units from the Canadian Rangers and Hunters as part of OP - H&R and will then move along the P-504 Major Highway in order to reach the nearby town of Sokol which also features a major airport. Sokol which will be a target of heavy bombardment prior the landings, will again be expected to be largely uninhabited due to the types of munitions used. As the Canadian Forces secure Sokol, the Canadian Army Engineers assigned to each Chapter will proceed to rebuild the Sokol airport if necessary - in order to facilitate deeper sorties into the Unity. This technique of "Mass Strike" under OP-FREEDOM followed by the Forces moving and establishing themselves in the next town, will continue until they reach Teply Klyuch at which point they will establish an extreme forward operating base and then will slowly begin moving forward again under the same principal as the air raids against Yakutsk will have been completed - with secondary phases beginning now.
For a clearer image of the road being utilized, see here from Magadan to Yakutsk.
As the Canadian Rangers and Hunters continue with their task of ridding the more isolated surrounding settlements of Unity presence - around the Canadian Army. The Canadian Army will begin the assault on Yakutsk supported by MTF-9 Denny's who would have completed the assault on Magadan will begin to assist the Canadian Army in the assault on the ruins of Yakutsk. With the vast majority of Unity Forces focused on the fight against the Chinese and Japanese, it is hoped that the air raids which isolated Yakutsk under OP - DARK ANGEL will be able to buy enough time for the approach and seizing of Yakutsk. Additionally any Unity forces attempting to move up the sole main road to Yakutsk from the South, or the smaller road from the West will be under constant attack by OP - FREEDOM and the Air Superiority which will continue to prevent a Unity approach on the city.
Canadian MTF-9 alongside the 11th, 12th, and 13th Divisions will launch the assault on Yakutsk using techniques learned from the Second American Civil War under OP-Watching Eyes. We will therefore semi-replicate the American Republic's own techniques against American Cities. Additionally they will be supported by FSP-5 Autonomous Android Soldiers which will assist in reducing overall casualties (not the AAS do not have sentience). Additionally river crossings will be made possible thanks to the high amount of combat engineer personnel and vehicles present for these operations. Furthermore due to the isolated nature of Yakutsk itself, being primarily isolated to the West bank of the Lena River, mobile SPG VII units will be able to operate within the East Bank area with impunity. Especially given the lack of a Yakutsk barrack of any equivalent unit size or equipment. Crossings into Yakutsk will be made once the vast majority of the cities population has been killed via the use of White Phosphorous and other similar munitions - and after time to dispel the poison has been given.
Furthermore throughout this time, the Tsai Conglomerate will be establishing logistical supply points along the P-504 akin to those found in Alaska, which will serve to act as a chain of supply/fallback positions for Canadian Forces pressing forward. This will significantly reduce logistical stress on all operations. Once Yakutsk has been completely secured, Canadian Forces will continue down the main road and establish response points at Neryungri, Lebediny, Aldan, Tommot, and Ulu which will provide a system of layered defense. (Naturally all these towns will be wiped out by air strikes). The units will then proceed to hold and utilize Yakutsk as a forward operating base so that Canadian Rangers and Hunters can move the Pink Line into place.

OP - EASTWATCH

First into Hell / / Six Feet Down
With approval from our Nordic Allies of Finland, Sweden, and Norway, Canadian Forces will immediately move into place utilizing Bardufoss Air Station & the Finnish city of Rovaneimi as a staging grounds. Following the beginning of OP-EXECUTIONER and OP-EXTERMINATION which are the sea and air operations against Unity targets, the 12th Chapter "East Watch" and 14th Chapter "North Wind" will make their lunges into Murmansk alongside Pacific Republic Forces - coming from the Northern Road to Murmansk. As is the case with the Yakutsk Lunge, each town will be destroyed by varying munitions before entry by the Canadian Forces. Additionally Finland and Sweden (which has Pan Euro Armies) will be assisting in logistical support. Also similar to Yakutsk, the Canadian Forces will establish themselves on the bank opposite (as it's what we have) of Murmansk which should be totally destroyed by White Phosphorous, Cluster Munitions, and other such munitions by the time of our arrival. And they will then begin the assault on the city itself alongside Pacific Republic Forces. Due to the operational skill of the Special Infantry Deployment "East Watch" Regiment, the SIDs will lead the way for the North Wind which is a standard Infantry Regiment. Despite the mass bombardment of Murmansk, it is expected that our forces alongside those of the Pacific will be walking into a Hell. Luckily however both the East Watch and North Wind specialize in urban warfare, and the North Wind also was part of the Push through Alaska - gaining extreme experience. Additionally the geographical terrain is extremely similar to the East Watch's home training grounds in and around GandeCape Breton (former highlanders). The East Watch will also be supported by several JTF-3 Task Forces (300 personnel) in order to ensure the fall of the city alongside 20,000 Cascade Contractors who previously worked during OP - EXODUS.
A metaphorical "Six Feet Down" from the assault on Murmansk, will be the 11th Canadian Chapter and 13th Canadian Chapters launching an assault on the small and militarily occupied area of Alakurtti. Once again OP-EXTERMINATION and OP-EXECUTIONER will have seen the forces in the area significantly softened up, however a fight is nonetheless expected. Due to overwhelming force, and the lack of a QRF force from Unity South or from the pre-occupied forces in Murmansk, it is expected that Alakurtti will quickly fall, and the Black Watch and Pinewood Foresters will proceed onward. Upon reaching the junction, the Pinewood Foresters who apt to their name specialize in combat within dense forests (which is the terrain) - will proceed South, establishing a foothold in Zelenoborsky while the Black Watch will proceed north in a effort to relieve their brethren East Watch (SIDs) and deal the death blow on Murmansk. Throughout these operations they will have constant air superiority.
As these two pushes by Canadian Army Forces occur, there will be two additional lunges by Cascade Contractors to the cities of Segezha and Kem, each lunge equating to 10,000 Contractors. The goal will be to slow any forces moving from St. Petersburg with rapid withdrawals to the Pinewood Foresters being available if necessary (although not preferred). In this regard speed and air superiority are the name of the game. Further, once Murmansk falls, and Zelenoborsky is secure, the Canadian Forces will move South to Segezha and then beyond establishing themselves alongside Pacific Republic forces in Medzezhyegorsk. The 20,000 Contractors as part of the initial push will remain throughout Northern Unity lands to maintain sovereignty and control - thus allowing the Army to continue it's push without dedicating forces elsewhere. From here the Pinewood Foresters and North Wind will move to take Petrozavodsk alongside the flanking Commonwealth Forces.

OP - WHITE DEATH

The 3rd Commonwealth Corps will be tasked in preventing a surge of Unity forces from St. Petersburg. Despite the mass bombardment campaign against the forces this far south, it is still a concern that Unity Forces will break out. Therefore the 3rd Commonwealth Corps will move to take the small strip of land north of Priozersk basing from Lappeenranta, and then from here shall split their forces, sending two Mechanized Brigade north towards Petrozavodsk.. Meanwhile Finish Reserve and Army personnel should immediately activate to protect their own borders. (Fins are blue, UCR is green/red). The UCR will then proceed to establish a second line of defense, utilizing Irukandji/Sunbeam ATGMs to prevent the mass movement. This of course will all be done under cover of air superiority.

A Falling Star, and The Siberian Miracle: two remarkable tales of survival from the skies over Russia

Most people know the story of Captain “Sully” Sullenberger, who ditched US Airways flight 1549 in the middle of New York’s Hudson River after birds destroyed both engines, saving the lives of everyone on board. Also well-known is the story of flight attendant Vesna Vulovic, who survived a mid-air bombing at 33,000 feet and went on to become a Serbian folk hero. These are remarkable tales of survival against the odds that stick with us through the decades—those moments when everyone lived, when some should have died; or when one lived, when all should have died. But there are more of these stories than you think. What follows are two obscure sagas of survival from the skies over Russia, both of which easily rival those that have become household names.
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A Falling Star: the crash of Aeroflot flight 811
Crashes in the former Soviet Union were sometimes brought to light years after they actually took place, while those whose loved ones died were given no official explanation. In an effort to avoid embarrassment, the Soviet government frequently covered up crashes involving its state airline, Aeroflot, especially if the government itself was at fault. Aeroflot flight 811 was one such incident.
Information about what happened to flight 811 is scarce, even in Russian, but there is enough to sketch out a basic sequence of events. The flight in question was a twin turboprop Antonov An-24RV operating a scheduled commercial service in the Soviet Far East, beginning from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk on Sakhalin Island and ending in the city of Blagoveshchensk on the Chinese border, with a stopover in Komsomolsk-on-Amur. (A map of these locations and other places important to the story can be found here.) On the 14th of August 1981, Aeroflot flight 811 landed in Komsomolsk-on-Amur after its flight from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. However, before continuing on to Blagoveshchensk, the plane was delayed for four hours due to a passing storm system. When the weather finally cleared, 27 passengers and 5 crew boarded the plane for the approximately 1.5 hour flight. Among them were 20-year-old Larisa Savitskaya and her new husband Vladimir. The newlyweds from Blagoveshchensk had been celebrating their honeymoon and were now on their way back home, though they were very much still in the honeymoon mindset. Not much is known about the other passengers, except that they included a small child.
Flight 811 took off at 14:56 and proceeded west toward Blagoveshchensk. Approximately one hour later, air force personnel at Zavitinsk air base east of Blagoveshchensk prepared to conduct a weather reconnaissance mission. The plan called for two Tupolev Tu-16k strategic bombers to fly in formation up to 8,000 meters, perform the mission, and then return. The plan also called for an intermediate hold at 4,500 meters. Their flight plan was sent to the regional authorities in Khabarovsk, who approved it without any changes. The plan was then filed with the military air traffic control centre in Blagoveshchensk, where controllers were supposed to inform their civilian counterparts. However, the civilian controllers were only informed that military planes would be operating between 4,200 and 4,500 meters, and not that they would then climb to between 7,900 and 8,100 meters. There was poor communication in the other direction as well: civilian authorities only gave military authorities scheduled flight times, which could not be updated to reflect delays. Military controllers, if they knew about flight 811 at all, probably assumed that it had already arrived in Blagoveshchensk three and a half hours earlier as originally scheduled.
Military controllers at Zavitinsk air base made a critical mistake as well. Although radar was installed at the base, controllers there did not use it to track the two Tu-16k bombers. Official reports do not clearly explain the reason for this, but such lack of depth was typical of investigations in the Soviet Union, which only dug deep enough to discover who made mistakes and did not typically attempt to find out why those mistakes were made. Based on what little information exists, it is likely that controllers either were not accustomed to using the radar, or they did not believe there would be any conflicting traffic to warrant its use.
Descending through 5,400 meters, Aeroflot flight 811 entered airspace covered by Zavitinsk air base as well as civilian and military controllers in Blagoveshchensk. However, none of these three entities knew about both flight 811 and the military weather reconnaissance mission. With Zavitinsk monitoring, Blagoveshchensk military controllers cleared the Tu-16k bombers to leave 4,500 meters and climb to 8,000 meters. No one knew that they would pass right through the air corridor along which flight 811 was traveling. A collision was imminent, but the only control centre in the area that had radar wasn’t using it.
At 16:21, one of the Tupolev Tu-16k bombers crashed headlong into Aeroflot flight 811. In all likelihood, neither crew ever saw the other, even though they were flying in clear conditions. The impact was incredibly brutal. Both wings were ripped off of the An-24 while the Tu-16k broke in half and caught fire. As it plunged to the ground, the ruined An-24 split into several more pieces, spewing debris and passengers into the summer sky.
By all rights, the story of the crash should have ended right here with, “All 38 people on both aircraft were killed.” But it did not. All six crew members on the strategic bomber lost their lives, as did all five crew of flight 811, and 26 of its 27 passengers. But, against astronomical odds, Larisa Savitskaya survived the crash. And even more remarkably, she remembered the whole thing from beginning to end. What follows is a translation of an interview she gave to Izvestiya in 2002.
“The planes collided tangentially. The wings of the An-24 were ripped off together with the fuel tanks and the roof. For a few very long seconds the plane turned into something like a boat. At that moment I had been sleeping. I remember a terrifying impact, and a burning sensation—the temperature immediately dropped from 25˚C to -30. There were terrible screams, and the whistle of the wind. My husband died immediately—in that moment, life ended for me. I didn’t even cry. Due to the grief, I couldn’t feel fear.
“The ‘boat’ then broke into two pieces. The tear passed right in front of our seats. I turned out to be in the tail section. I was thrown into the aisle and straight back to the bulkhead. At first I lost consciousness, then as I came to, I lay there and thought—not of death, but of pain. I didn’t want the fall to be painful. And then I remembered an Italian film called ‘Miracles Still Happen.’”
The movie she referred to is a 1974 film by Giuseppe Maria Scotese documenting the true story of Juliane Koepcke, who survived a 10,000-foot-fall after LANSA flight 508 was struck by lightning and disintegrated over the Peruvian jungle in 1971. All 91 other passengers and crew were killed, but Juliane survived after her row of seats acted like a crude helicopter and slowed her fall, such that she was not severely injured on impact with the ground. (Some other passengers also survived the fall for similar reasons, but were too badly hurt to move, and subsequently died.) Finding herself alone in the Amazon, she wandered through the jungle for 10 days, until she was rescued after stumbling across a logging camp. Suddenly faced with the same situation she had seen in “Miracles Still Happen,” Larisa Savitskaya decided that she would try to learn from Juliane Koepcke.
“Most important of all was one scene, where the heroine survived a plane crash while strapped into her seat. Somehow I got to a seat. I didn’t even think of buckling up; action preceded conscious thought. I started to watch through the window, in order to “catch” the ground. I needed to anticipate the impact in time. I’d given up any hope of survival; I just wanted to die painlessly. There was a very thin layer of clouds, then a flash of green, and impact! I fell in the taiga, on top of a birch tree—lucky again! I had a concussion, my spine was damaged in five places, and I had fractured hands, ribs, and feet. Almost all my teeth were knocked out.
“I was in the taiga for three days. When I woke up, my husband’s body was lying right in front of me. I was in such shock that I didn’t even feel pain. I was even able to walk. When the rescuers found me, they couldn’t say anything except “Mu-, mu…” I understand them. For three days they’d been collecting pieces of corpses out of the trees, and suddenly they saw a living person. And I kind of looked like a dead person. I was entirely coloured like a prune with a silver shimmer—the paint from the fuselage was extremely annoying; mother of god, I was picking it out of my hair for a month! And because of the wind, my hair had turned into something like a big lump of steel wool. Surprisingly, by the time I saw the rescuers, I could no longer walk. Then, in Zavitinsk, I learned that they already dug a grave for me. They dug them based on the passenger list.
“I think the military was at fault for the crash. They approved a flight path without verifying it with the civilian controllers. But I only learned about this two years ago. The official investigation came to the conclusion that both crews were responsible.
“They say that Voice of America covered the crash. But the news was first published in the USSR in 1985—curiously, in ‘Soviet Sport.’ Apparently they really wanted to write about it, but it was forbidden to mention the crash. So they wrote that I, like a female Icarus, flew on a homemade glider and fell from a height of five kilometers, but I survived because a Soviet citizen can do anything.
“Investigators later concluded that the piece of the plane in which I fell was shaped like a leaf, and a leaf either falls around the circumference, or from side to side like a swing. This depends on its shape. I don’t know how my piece of the plane was shaped. Eventually I read an investigation into my fall somewhere on the internet. One scientist by the name of Gorbovsky considered my case alongside those of children and cats that have the ability to fall from great heights without dying. By the laws of physics, the force of the impact depends on one’s weight, the height of the fall, and the amount of air resistance. He concluded that in my case, and with cats and children, some of these quantities don’t follow the laws of physics, and that in stressful situations a mechanism is activated that blocks the force of gravity. I don’t know if he’s right, but I like the comparison with cats.
“I didn’t have any sort of spiritual awakening as a result of this experience. I didn’t turn to religion, or drunkenness, or depression. I love life. But sometimes I say half seriously and half-jokingly that I am ‘God’s favourite little girl.’ Because he only sends such experiences to his favourite creatures.
“I live as I lived before. I only think about it around the 24th of August, when I celebrate my ‘second birthday,’ and also in the spring and fall when the pain returns. And of course whenever there’s another plane crash. At those moments I relive everything that happened. All crashes are my crash. I have a feeling that part of me is still back there. It still hasn’t landed.
“Five years later my child was born. At first I worked as a teacher, then when Gosha got sick, I took any job I could find. I worked as a typist, sold books, and went hungry. After Perestroika I started a company selling shoes. Then I worked as a representative of Borzhomi, until I was paralyzed. That was the result of my traumatic brain injury. But then I got better. Now I work as an office manager in a real estate company. After work I try to go straight home because my spine is very tired. Did you know that I’m in the Russian Guiness Book of Records twice? And do you know what the second one is? The smallest compensation ever received for bodily harm. One single payment of 75 rubles.”
At the time, 75 rubles was equivalent to about $20.
“By the norms of the state insurance company, the dead were entitled to 300 rubles and the survivors received 75. I can only hope that Tatiana and Arina won’t have to beat this record. [Here she refers to two flight attendants who survived the then-recent crash of a Pulkovo Airlines Ilyushin IL-86 during a repositioning flight without passengers.] Fortunately, I healed, not thanks to the health ministry but by a civilian healer-chiropractor from Amur oblast. I think his last name was Volkov. The whole year, he worked for free, because I was such an interesting patient. He re-broke my bones and then set them back properly. He did everything he could, but he said that if I’d come to him immediately, I could have been good as new. And I didn’t have new teeth put in until ten years later. A wonderful person helped me with that.
“I know that a Yugoslavian stewardess who fell from a height of 10,000 meters in 1972 is still alive. [Here she refers to Vesna Vulovic.] In a recent interview with some Germans, they told me that in Germany there’s a woman there who fell from 3,000 meters. [She probably means Juliane Koepcke.] And now there are two Russian stewardesses as well. I’ve always had a strong desire to speak with a person who survived what I did. I’m very happy for Tatiana and Arina. Once they’ve recovered, I’d like to get to know them. I’m always holding on to the idea that it’s possible to learn how to survive in such situations. For example, why are basically all such survivors women—are they simply more receptive to the quiet voice of intuition? It seems to me like it’s necessary to take the research in this direction.”
The investigation, like most in the USSR, did little to bring about change. It is not at all clear what safety recommendations were made, if any, or whether anyone was punished as a result of the crash. Although the civilian investigation blamed poor coordination between civil and military sectors, the military investigation blamed both crews for failing to see and avoid each other. Of course, the 11 crew members from both planes conveniently were all dead. The fact that Larisa Savitskaya survived and remembered everything so clearly was somewhat of an inconvenience for Soviet authorities, but she never broke her silence as long as the crash remained an official secret. The Soviet Union’s reluctance to allow the news to cover accidents prevented Larisa Savitskaya from achieving the fame afforded to Juliane Koepcke and Vesna Vulovic, and to this day she lives in relative obscurity, receiving virtually no recognition outside of Russia. That’s not to say that she wants any—based on her interviews, she’s perfectly content to live out the rest of her life as one more face in the crowd.
◊◊◊
The Siberian Miracle: the crash-landing of Alrosa Mirny flight 514
So many crashes in Russia are the result of sheer incompetence, often by the pilots, that it becomes easy to forget that Russia has good pilots too. In fact, there is one story that stands out from the crowd: Alrosa Mirny flight 514, an incident sometimes referred to as Russia’s own Miracle on the Hudson. The sequence of events that took place aboard that flight on the 7th of September 2010 simply defies belief.
Alrosa Mirny Air Enterprise (now known as CJSC Aviakompaniya Alrosa) is a Russian domestic airline specializing in flights to, from, and within the Sakha Republic, the largest federal subject of Russia. Covering a swathe of eastern Siberia three times the size of Alaska, the Sakha Republic is dotted with extremely remote towns and cities that are sometimes accessible only by air. One of these is the mining town of Udachny, located 965km (600mi) northwest of Yakutsk, the main urban centre of the Sakha Republic. Udachny (which means “lucky”) is served by Polyarny Airport, a main hub of operations for Alrosa Mirny.
Alrosa Mirny flight 514 was a regularly scheduled flight from Udachny to Moscow on the 7th of September 2010. The airline operated the 5-and-a-half-hour flight using a Tupolev Tu-154 trijet, a mid- to long-range passenger airliner analogous to the Boeing 727. The Tu-154 is an extremely tough airplane, capable of landing and taking off on dirt runways in polar conditions. The Tu-154 involved in this incident was 20 years old and still had plenty of service life remaining.
Early in the morning of the 7th of September, flight 514 took off from Udachny with 72 passengers and 9 crew on board, bound for Moscow. For several hours, all was normal. Then, shortly before 7:00 in the morning, while cruising high over Siberia, the crew became aware of the first signs of trouble.
The specifics of the technical malfunction that occurred are not publicly known. However, investigators later reported to the press that one of the plane’s main batteries suffered from a thermal runaway, where the overheating battery started a feedback loop that caused it to get hotter and hotter. The most likely cause for such a failure is a manufacturing defect. Regardless of what started it, once the thermal runaway began, it caused the progressive failure of all the plane’s electrics. Within 30 minutes, the failure became catastrophic, disabling the Tu-154’s autopilot, navigational equipment, and fuel pumps. The last of these items proved to be the most problematic. Because all three engines were located at the tail of the plane, they all drew fuel from the two centre tanks. Without pumps to move fuel from the wing tanks into the centre tanks, the engines only had access to the 3,300kg of fuel that happened to be in the centre tanks at that moment. This was only enough for 30 minutes of flight, which was insufficient to reach any airport marked on the pilots’ charts. Flight 514 was at that point cruising high over the Komi Republic, a sprawling, sparsely populated autonomous region near where the Ural Mountains cross the Arctic Circle. Ditching the plane in this remote and heavily forested region would be positively nightmarish. Further complicating matters was a layer of low clouds at an altitude of 400m (1,312ft) that would make the search for a place to land very difficult.
The crew declared an emergency, and shortly thereafter, the cascading electrical failure knocked out the plane’s radio. They were now completely on their own. In an effort to find a field or a river in which to ditch the plane, the pilots flew down to 1,000 feet to get below the clouds. By this point, all of the plane’s instruments that required electrical power had failed, including the attitude indicators, which display bank angle. The pilots allegedly determined how much they were banking by observing a glass of water. Furthermore, some flight controls couldn’t be used because the cockpit switches were electric, even though the controls themselves used hydraulics. This meant that it would be impossible to deploy the flaps, slats, or thrust reversers on landing.
After contact with the plane was lost, controllers rushed to figure out where it might try to land. One potential location jumped out at them: not far from flight 514’s last known position was a disused airfield in the town of Izhma. Controllers informed local authorities that the stricken plane might attempt to land there, and emergency services were put on standby.
The pilots didn’t know about this airfield because it wasn’t on their maps. But as they flew over the trackless forests searching in vain for some kind of clearing, they suddenly caught sight of the Izhma airstrip. The pilots reportedly thought they were hallucinating, because a runway was the last thing they were expecting to see. Unable to believe their luck, they lined up to land on the disused airstrip.
The airport at Izhma had not been used by fixed-wing aircraft since 2003, after which it was only used by Russian military helicopters. However, the airport’s sole employee, Sergei Sotnikov, had taken it upon himself to keep the runway clear of plants and debris in the hope that planes might one day return. As a result, the runway was still in good enough condition to handle an aircraft. But flight 514 still faced a much larger issue: the runway was obviously too short to accommodate a Tupolev Tu-154. A safe landing under normal conditions usually required a 2,400-meter runway, and this one was only a little more than half that. But these weren’t normal conditions. The flaps and slats increase lift when deployed, allowing the plane to fly at lower speeds; without them, they would be coming in hot. And once they were on the ground, they wouldn’t be able to use reverse thrust to slow the plane down. Landing under these conditions required nerves of steel, and at first the pilots balked. The first attempt ended in a missed approach as the pilots decided to climb out, loop back around, and try again. A second approach also failed. With barely any fuel left in the centre tanks, they had one last chance to land. There would be no fourth approach.
The pilots ordered the flight attendants to move all the passengers to the front of the plane to increasing the weight on the wheels and improve braking power. After that, nothing remained but to give it their best possible shot. Coming in at well over the normal landing speed, the pilots greased it onto the tarmac as close to the threshold of the runway as possible. With what limited braking power remained, the crew fought to slow the aircraft, but it was evident that the runway was nowhere near long enough. Still moving at considerable speed, the Tu-154 ran off the end of the runway and into the taiga, smashing into bigger and bigger trees as it plowed through the forest. But then the wheels dug into the muddy ground, and the plane suddenly lurched to a stop, coming to rest 160 meters (520ft) past the end of the runway.
To everyone’s amazement, the plane was intact and nobody was injured. The 81 passengers and crew evacuated using the emergency slides and emerged into the taiga. While waiting for firefighters and police to arrive, passengers discussed the flight and gathered mushrooms in the forest. When firefighters came, they found that there was nothing for them to do, because everyone was fine.
The small town of Izhma didn’t have hotel rooms for 81 people, so most of the passengers spent the night in a sports complex. The next day most were transported to the town of Ukhta by helicopter, where they flew on to Moscow on another Tu-154. Just two of the 81 passengers and crew chose to continue their journey by train. In recognition of their heroic flying, Captain Andrei Lamanov and First Officer Yevgeny Novoselov were both named as Heroes of the Russian Federation, Russia’s highest honorary title, and were personally given awards by then-president Dmitry Medvedev. In a heartfelt gesture, Sergei Sotnikov, the man who kept the runway clear for 7 years, also received an award for his role in the safe outcome of flight 514.
Despite considerable damage, both from the original failure and from the landing, Alrosa Mirny decided to recover the plane. It was towed out of the Taiga, partially repaired, and stripped out to make it lighter so it could take off on the short runway. Six months after the accident, the plane lifted off from Izhma and flew to Ukhta, then to Samara, where the damage was fully repaired and the plane returned to service. The Tu-154, now nicknamed “Izhma,” continued to fly passengers for Alrosa Mirny until 2018, when it became one of the last Tu-154s to be retired.
Much more could be said about Alrosa Mirny flight 514 if it weren’t for the bureaucratic nightmare that is the Russian government. A preliminary report identifying a thermal runaway as the cause of the electrical failure was released seven days after the accident, but no final report ever materialized. To this day, it is not publicly known what caused the thermal runaway, how specifically it led to the total electrical failure, or even whether a final report was written at all. If it was, it certainly has not been released. In all likelihood we will never know all the details of what almost brought down flight 514, leading to the Miracle at Izhma. The least we can do is recognize the heroism of its crew, who against all odds saved 81 lives on that cloudy September day.
◊◊◊
The lesson to be learned from these two accidents is that tales of survival and heroism can be found in Russian and Soviet aviation. Nevertheless, both incidents also remind us that these stories are often tempered by injustice. Larisa Savitskaya received only $20 in compensation for surviving a fall from a height 5,200 meters, and the crash that almost killed her (and took 37 lives) was a state secret for years. Matters have since improved drastically, with all the heroes of flight 514 duly recognized for their efforts. But major steps remain. Without a final report, the near disaster on board Alrosa Mirny flight 514 won’t provide any safety lessons, even if government agencies are willing to make changes, as they were so reluctant to do after the crash of Aeroflot flight 811. But, regardless of their impact on aviation safety, or lack thereof, these are both tales that are worth telling. And so I have told them as best I can with the sources that are available to me, even in the face of a frustrating lack of answers.

People 10,000 years ago did not know anything about blаck people or whitе people.

I know a guy who is from Urumqi, a city in the northwestern part of China.
He speaks with a strong Chinese accent, and is totally Chinese, but he hardly looks like the people from other parts of China. He has blondish hair, and you would probably call him whitе.
In Xinjiang, some people look very "whitе", others look "аsian", and many look like some mix of the two. Or even "аsian" but with blond hair and green eyes. You might say this happened because a group аsian people and a group of whitе people moved into the same area and mixed together, but thats not really what happened at all.
Why? Because there is no point where one rаce ends and another begins, and there never was. As you travel in one direction, light skin gradually fades into dark skin, travel in another direction and dark skin gradually fades into light.
People from Xinjiang, as well as much of Russia, and Central Asia, are not "mixed rаce", nor are they more "physically diverse" than people from any other parts of the world, they are simply in-between the two points that, Americans (for example), are most familiar with. If your from the US, your probably familiar with further East Asiаns and Europeans, this is where American immigration comes from, as well as being large population centers. On the other hand, someone from Russia, is probably also familiar with Central Asiаns (people from Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, ect.).
Someone from Yakutsk might look "аsian", and someone from Moscow might look "whitе", but the idea of "аsian" vs. "whitе" doesn't exist the same way in Russia. Because someone in Bashkortostan might look somewhere in between. Many people in Papua New Guinea, eastern Indonesia, and even some people in the Philippines look very much "blаck", but the idea of "blаck" does not exist there. Even Madagascar, it's in Africа, but some people in Madagascar don't look so "blаck" even within the same families.
All alleles are found around the world, just in different frequencies. If one trait has a high frequency in Beijing, medium frequency in Ukraine, then it might have something like a medium-high frequency in Central Asia. Its mainly the overall combination (of about 6-10 traits), that are enough to affect what country someone looks like they are from.
A certain few traits are prevalent in Central Asia, for example, but there are many people with one, or maybe two of these traits, expressed or recessively carried, in any population of the world. It becomes less and less likely to inherit combination three or four of these uncommon traits just by chance, but of course every now and then it happens.
For skin tone, it is expressed through incomplete dominance. In a population of light skinned people, every now and then there will be a person with significantly tan skin. They may be heterozygous, and have one allele for light skin and one allele for dark skin. In order to inherit very dark skin, two heterozygous carriers need to pass on two (homozygous) copies of the dark allele. A population with light skin also has the same alleles for dark skin, but it is recessively hidden because of the frequency, so rarely shows up.
For a recessive trait (like blond hair), it can only be expressed with two copies of the same allele, otherwise it is hidden. Say for example, 1/50 people in Bangladesh, 100 years ago, had the blonde allele. The chance of two carriers meeting is 1/2500, and the chance of passing on two (homozygous) copies is 1/4, so although many people carry the gene, it would only be expressed in 1/10000 people. For blond hair to start to be expressed often, it needs a high frequency like 1/5 for allele carriers. As for dominant traits, you can see them across any population because the same genes exist across the world.
DNA tests can compare someones DNA to a sample population in a database. For example, a company might take samples from some people who live in modern day Rome, and find a number of alleles that are frequent in the population, and the degree someone's DNA resembles the frequencies from the sample is what "percentage Itallian" they are. But theres not actually such a thing as "Itallian DNA".
There is no single point where one rаce stops and another begins, so what appears like a baseline rаce to people is all about their point of reference.
Lets choose, at random, people in the Caucasus Mountains as a baseline reference, lets call them "Caucasoid". Now choose people in Mongolia, call them "mongoloid". You can now compare the rest of the world to these reference points. If you graph the degree of similarity on a chart, it gradually fades out from the points. People in France, they are more similar to the Caucasoids. People in Beijing, they are close to the Mongoloids. Tatar people, they are in between the two, so lets call them mixed between the two points.
So there you have it. Two racеs. Mongoloid and caucasoid.
But now try picking out different points to use as references. Lets take Tatars, call them Tataroid, and Berbers, call them Berberoid. Plot the genetics on a chart, and the degree of similarity gradually fades out as well. Egyptians, they are Berberoid. Nigerians, they are also Berberoid. Koreans, they are Tataroid. Yupik, Tataroid. Ukrainians, Tataroid. What about French people? They are in between, so they are a mixture of Berberoid and Tataroid.
So there you have it. Two racеs. Berberoid and Tataroid.
Are central Asiаns really mixed between whitе and Asiаn people? Are North Africans really mixed between blаck and whitе people? Or are Europeans actually a physically diverse mixed rаce group of North Africans and Central Asiаns? Neither! Because what is the reason behind choosing these points as references? Genetics? How so?
You can just as easily use "Berberoid" and "Tataroid" as references for comparison, as you can use "Mongoloid" and "Caucasoid".
Its completely relative. And any starting rаces that are chosen will be equally scientifically uncredible.

Anthropologists studied a group of burials in the Swiss alps [Europe] and found them to have Tataroid [Central Asiаn] features with some admixture of Berberoid [Moroccan] traits [40/60], with distinctly Berberoid type physical characteristics. Excavation at the site, were far from genetic homogeneity showing both Berberoid and Tataroid traits. Five of the six burials were complete enough for anthropometric analysis and they appeared Tataroid rather than Berberoid

West Africans, West Europeans, South Asiаns, and East Asiаns, do not date back to more ancient times than other populations. These places are just the most populous, and the most recognizable, particularly to Americans and the English speaking world.
Every human trait, genetically speaking, is inherited individually. There are many people with both light skin and blond hair together, but in Papua New Guinea and parts of Indonesia there are many people with both dark skin and blond hair. A person can be born with any trait for hair, skin, mouth, nose, eyes, in any combination. Human traits are all individual, they not grouped genetically speaking into types.
For tens of thousands of years, millions of human have been scrambling around. And its often on the very general level. Say for example a family of 5 moves to the next city over. There is no way to scientifically sum up all these billions of interactions in any synchronized way.
Humans as a whole have just as much physical distinctiveness as any particular population within in, and just as much gene pool diversity. Some traits are clustered in different frequenceis, but the overall phenotype and genetics varies more between individual people, independent of what country they are from.
Say for example a computer compares one person who looks whitе to a database of several thousand faces. The most similar matches don't always look whitе, out of thousands, the #1 match might look blаck.
The reason for this is, a persons appearance is made up of a combination of many traits. Chances are that no one in the database would share the exact same traits, so the people who do share some traits are not necessarily going to share the few that are used to visually identify someone as whitе.
When humans left what is now known as Africa, once they began to settle down, from then on of course just as many people just happened to travel back as people who just happened to leave "Africa". After humans first crossed into North America, from that point just as many traveled back. None of these people had a world map with the arbitrary continents of today's maps. The Yupik people live in both Alaska and Russia, if they have been travelling back and forth in the past 500 years, then of course people would have still crossed into North America on boats thousands of years ago, with or without a land-bridge. It is difficult to sum up things that are so complex and general.
Some places just happen to have people who appear similar by chance, even if there is no connection, like people in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea who appear similar to people from parts of Africa for example. The resemblance is by complete chance. And, on top of that, there are many people who also have blond hair. The chance of two unrelated populations appearing similar by chance is high, since it only really takes a change in allele frequencies for 6-10 genes.
Alaska fades into Siberia which fades into Central Asia which fades into the Middle east which fades into Africа. There were never clear lines of division anywhere.

Historical Project Mod - Version 0.3.7.0 & 0.3.7.1

Historical Project Mod - Version 0.3.7.1 (Checksum ZIVJ) for HOD 3.04 - 19/07/2017. NOT Save Game Compatible (even with 0.3.7). All minimods are NOT compatible. Probably. https://www.dropbox.com/s/n62vfwi3pm2ev9x/HPM%200.3.7.1.7z?dl=0
Changelog (0.3.7.0):*
-(previous version but forgot to add) Mirza modifier for Persia: RP gain effect cut in half.
-Changed province 12 - Reliance in Canada to Sado in Japan. It starts with around 25K pops, producing precious metals and under the Shogunate ownership. Numbers based on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographic_history_of_Japan_before_the_Meiji_Restoration#Former_provinces - Thanks go to the anon who gave the source. Pops come from the Nigata province, which used to encompass the island. Added Sado as a Treaty Port.
-Fixed a few (11) stray pixel clusters, added provinces (and names) to 35 lakes in South America, Australia, Africa and Asia.
-The Tanzimat Reforms now come with a one-year modifier to represent the Ottoman Land Code of 1858.
-Added an event for the Kanpur Massacre. The event can happen in any province with high militancy and primary pops from the colonial nation in India.
-Isolationist Uncivs will not be able to subside imports. Instead, they are forced to institute minimum tariffs, with protectionist countries locked at 95% minimum and free trade countries locked at 25% minimum.
-Added 1100 south German soldier pops to Nafplion to represent the Bavarian Troops in Greece. Added a starting unit that corresponds to these pops. Based on http://www.mwme.eu/essays/bavarian-greece/Haggenmueller_Intro/index.html
-Added a new Party Policy: Welfare policy. Pops don't care about it (as in, it's not an issue they vote for) and it's tied to the party ideology. Its effects the minimum and maximum spending in the Social slider. Socialist parties will push for a full welfare state, with communist and fascist parties adopting a paternalist policy and anarcho-liberals strongly opposing spending on welfare. Liberals, Reactionaries and Conservatives are unaffected.
-Stopped province 1421 - Madura from flipping to Rubber from Sulfur.
-Made being dismantled play a bigger role in unlocking fascist ideology.
-The "Claim the Levant CB" can't be used against GPs anymore, so after a GP takes a piece of the Levant from Egypt it will stay with them unless you justify a "place in the sun CB" against them.
-Reshaped Brescia, Tuscany, Siena, Rome (and surrounding provinces) to follow more natural boundaries such as rivers and be more aesthetic overall.
-Added the Apennines that extend from north to the south to the Italian peninsula. Redid the Terrain in the Italian lands and Corsica.
-Added an Atoll terrain. In the new terrain it's impossible to build railroads and the RGO size is extremely small. Changed a few of the islands in the pacific that corresponded to this terrain. Fixed a few wrong name placements in Polynesia.
-Changed the LR of Brindsi and Messina from 35 to 40 to better represent the growth in these regions.
-Reshaped Aquila, Foggia, Perugia and Ancona to better represent the terrain of the Italian peninsula. Province 10 - Inuvik was repurposed as Pescara in Italy and the old province is now part of 2598 - Fort Liard. Pops for the new province come from Aquila.
-Renamed province 2351 - La Plata to Magdalena. Added a decision to build La Plata that will rename the province.
-Added the French Alps: Grenoble and Digne changed from forest and farms to mountains. Reshaped Valence, Grenoble, Avignon, Toulon and Frejus to better fit with the terrain. Frejus and Toulun terrain changed from Farms to hills, to represent the last bits of the Alps.
-Added the Austrian Alps: Klagenfurt, Judenburg and Sankt Pölten are now mountains.
-Sardinia now is completely hilly.
-Merged province 8 - Ross River into province 7 - Dawson. Province 8 is now Belluno in Italy. Changed Province 732 - Treviso from Iron to Timber and province 8 - Belluno from Timber to Iron.
-Fixed wrong brackets screwing the literacy setup of Italians in Austria.
-Changed LR in 827 - Zante and 843 - Chios from 30 to 35 and 32 respectively. Changed Ionian Islands literacy to be more in line with Greece, lowered plurality.
-Added a Setup for Greece, south germans will start with more literacy, Greece will start with a small baby boom for 4 years.
-Stopped Russia from being able to see the decision to integrate Lithuania in the UBD.
-Integrated 2669 - Amga in 2648 - Yakutsk. Now 2669 is Sondrio, in Italy.
-Moved the starting event about deciding if Crisis will be vanilla or not to a decision, under an umbrella of "optional" decisions. There's a few ways of tweaking the game through those decisions, but to avoid clutter, they all disappear in 1837 (and later on, in other start dates, they will disappear in a year).
-Renamed State GRE_837 from Attica to Central Greece.
-To make sure the "Sonno Joi" province event doesn't fire in case of a Tokugawa peaceful victory, now it requires any japanese-primary tag to be neighboring the country.
-Changed the name of the Australian Fascist Party.
-Using the decision to close borders requires Residency citizenship policy or a Fascist/Communist Dictatorship, meaning these governments can always take the decision.
-During the Senussi and the Algerian Rebellion, as well as the Bedr Khan Massacre, the spawned tags should be able to mobilize troops instead of being unable to fight. Senussi and Algeria should also start with Tuareg as accepted and a general. Changed a few pops to soldiers in Libya and Algeria so they can build a brigade. Fixed the Ottoman Empire getting the wrong CBs for the Senussi if they don't go immediately to war with them.
-Changed the adjective of the SGF from "German" to "South German", to keep consistency with the NGF.
-Changed Trinidad and Tobago and Trieste to Civilized status at the game start.
-Added option to Secularize society for Muslim nations. Non-secular Muslim countries cannot build Wineries or Distilleries and have the old "Islamic law" modifier as a triggered modifier. The Tanzimat Reforms secularize the Ottoman Empire.
-Renamed province 211 - Blackstone to Lynchburg.
-Fixed an issue with a decision that made the CSA capital move to province 211 - Lynchburg (old Blackstone) immediately.
-Fixed not being able to use the decision to integrate Lithuania in the UBD if the UBD owned Lithuanian cores.
-Changed Misri culture color to a darker shade of green by anon's suggestion.
-Health Care and Education reforms now give half of the bonus they used to give. The other half comes from a triggered modifier (that checks once per month) that triggers if administration/education has enough fund. The minimum amount for it to trigger is 20/30/40/50% Admin funding for Health Care and 30/40/50% Education funding for School reforms. Each reform level description has a text that tells you the minimum funding for the full bonus.
-Having the last Health Care reform and fully funding Administration will now give a bonus 0.02% for pop growth. Having the last School Reform and fully funding education will give a 0.10% bonus to education efficiency.
-Civilized nations with more than one state and more than 1 million pops have to invest a minimum in education if they don't want to lose literacy (through a triggered modifier). At 25% literacy you need to keep education spending at 10% at least. At 50% literacy you need to keep spending in 20% minimum and at 75% literacy the minimum is 30%.
-Removed old references to the "Islamic Law" modifier.
-Added a decision that turns Crete in a state for civilized powers in Europe.
-Updated the "Release Vassal" decisions.
-Added a set of decisions akin to NNM's "Release Vassal" decisions that allow you to return cores to individual countries, if they are your puppet or in your sphere. It doesn't return provinces that have your cores in them, though.
-Added a third option to the "Release Vassal" and the "Return Core" decisions to disable the decisions completely for the rest of the game. Useful if you don't plan to use them and just want to unclutter the decision tab.
-Halved all party loyalty in Switzerland, the UK and US. Now party loyalty at the game start doesn't go above 20% (previously 40%).
-When Transylvania joins (and becomes) Romania, it will lose Hungarian as accepted. Similarly when Panama joins the FRCA it will also lose North Andean as accepted.
-Added an event for the Serbian Constitution of 1838 and included Serbia in the liberal revolutions. Based on http://users.ox.ac.uk/~oaces/conference/papers/Bojan_Mitrovic.pdf
-When a country uses the decision to leave a SoI, if the GP refuses to act now it loses 10% of its prestige instead of always losing 20 prestige.
-Changed the Krakatoa event so it's not a major event anymore. It also doesn't kill 20% of the Bogor province (at the game start that would be 148K people) and now it kills 4% (around 36K people, game start values). It will also destroy a level of railroad and fort, if any are present in the province, as well as a level of the Naval Base in Batavia and it will reduce the Life Rating in Bogor by 1. Improved the event description a bit.
-Changed the Tunguska event so it's not a major event anymore, it doesn't change LR and it only kills pops if there's more than 10k pops in the province, but it completely wipes forts and railroads from the province. Improved the description a bit.
-Changed the San Francisco Earthquake event so it's not a major event anymore. It completely wipes forts, naval bases and railroads from the province and kills 2% of the population instead of the old 10% and it costs £50,000 for the owner of San Francisco. It also has a "devastation" modifier that will severely reduce province production (and hopefully close a few factories). Improved the description a bit.
-The UK will lose Irish as accepted when the Irish Republic Brotherhood event fires, to represent the rise of Nationalism in Ireland.
-Fixed a few instances of acquire_all_cores CB that would instantly white peace, like the '54-40 or fight' event for the US.
-Vassal countries that have vassals can no longer use the decisions to free vassals.
-Fixed a potential bug that happened if Egypt released the Levantine nations before the Oriental Crisis, which would end with the GPs declaring war on Egypt but instantly peacing out. Additionally, GPs will not declare war on Egypt if they don't own any Turkish cores.
-For clarity's sake, the hidden modifiers that affected pop migration that were associated with the last 3 Voting Franchise reforms are now directly tied to the reforms (and added to the old migration bonuses of these reforms, so Universal voting gave 5% immigrant attraction, now it gives 55% (5% + 50% of the old hidden modifier). The old GP bonus to immigrant attraction was moved from the pop files to the static modifiers. Both these changes don't change a thing in relation to immigrant attraction percentage, but they will make things more clear in regards to what reforms are important to attract immigrants and will hopefully help with performance.
-Secondary Powers now have a 5% bonus to immigrant attraction.
-Changes to pop immigration behavior: Capitalists will be 50% more likely to immigrate to L-F countries and 50% less likely to immigrate to countries with planned economy. Intellectuals don't care about general unemployment anymore when deciding where to migrate, they instead care about education funding (starting at 70% funding and ending at 100%, that gives between 10% to 50% bonus to immigrant attraction of these pops, depending on education funding), since they are paid by that slider. Same thing for soldiers and officers (with the military slider). What this means is that these pops will care more about how well paid they will be, since they will only be unemployed if they demote. Less than 40% funding will mean a -25% chance for these pops to pick the country.
-Instead of giving 1% bonus to immigration attraction, the "Underground Parties" reform will instead give -1%. The Harassment reform is now Neutral to immigrant attraction and the other reforms behave as vanilla.
-Stopped a few events that could change the UH/Voting/Electoral reforms during an election from happening during an election.
-Event 4420 - Cabinet Discusses War will not longer give a conquest CB on all neighboring countries, regardless if you can use it or not. Instead, it will only fire if you have a neighboring country with more than 1 state and it will give a single CB to acquire a state in a random neighboring country with more than 1 state.
-Similar to vanilla event 60140 where Liberal/Socialist force the "Appointed" UH Reform, when Socialists/Communists(not in a proletarian dictatorship) get to the UH and Trade Unions are illegal, they will force the "State Controlled" Trade Union reform (only if the country has Revolution and Counterrevolution researched).
-British Poor Strata will be way less likely to demand a change to the First Past the Post reform. Pops overall will care much less to change from FPTP until some basic reforms such as Free Press, Voting Rights and Meeting Rights have been acquired.
-Fixed a potentially serious vanilla bug where artisans didn't actually own their production (which may help to explain why they starved so much, though it seems they still got money somehow).
-Farmers, Laborers, Craftsmen and Clerks now care about Trade Union reforms (before that, no pops cared about those reforms) and will try to push for them. Craftsmen are the ones who care the most, followed by laborers, farmers and then clerks, who care the least. Socialism, unemployment, fulfilled life/everyday needs and CON are the main factors affecting this.
-Cleaned up the poptype files a bit, corrected a few mistakes.
-Decreased invention impact on demand from 0.1 to 0.06.
-Added several Natural Disaster events, all relating to devastating earthquakes (and as a rule of thumb, for an earthquake to go in as an event, it either needs to be very destructive or cause a lot of casualties), namely the 1877 Iquique earthquake, 1868 Arica Earthquake, the 1896 Sanriku earthquake, the Great Ansei Earthquakes, the Great Neapolitan earthquake, the 1908 Messina earthquake.
-Fixed a wrong localization issue with the Enact Anaconda Plan for the CSA.
-Modified the Law of Return decision from Israel to correctly take out money instead of giving, fixing the events associated with it so it actually works how it was intended and to take into account open/closed border status, among other things. Changed the duration of the modifiers for the return of the diaspora pops from 2 to 5 years. Re-localized it so the decision can be used by Armenia too, if they want to bring back the Armenians from the diaspora. Differently from Israel, Armenia needs to be at least a SP to see the decision. The event structured was adapted from the source material a kind anon provided. The events for the law of return for Israel will also no longer increase the immigrating pops literacy.
-Correct a wrong flag for Canada.
-Added a Irredentist decision for Israel.
-Fixed the localization in the event for German LR normalization and made it fire earlier, when Germany reaches 1895 levels of pops.
-Made the German Namibia event in a decision, added tech requirements to it.
-When a nation asks for home rule, the country that gets the request will now lose the requesting country primary culture as an accepted culture, regardless of their answer.
-Instead of being completely immune to nations asking for home rule, the tags AUS, KUK, DNB and YUG will now get the requests (it was this way in NNM) but the AI will always reject it by default, so they will deal with unrest in the nations that ask for this. Considering the change of the above item, this also means tags like YUG and DNB can slowly lose accepted cultures. To deal with this, accepted cultures have more strict requirements when asking for home rule: they need high CON and MIL (more than 6-7) in a state as well as over 50% literacy. If the culture isn't accepted, just a bit of MIL (usually 2-3) and a bit of literacy (more than 25%) is needed, which is a requirement similar to before. This means that multicultural union tags will become more brittle and vulnerable to internal dissatisfaction, so a big focus should be in keeping everyone happy (or suppressed).
-Iceland won't ask home rule from Scandinavia anymore.
-Norway should declare independence before 1900 if Sweden stops being a Monarchy or if relations dip too low and CON is high. While they declare independence they will also fight for it if they get a "no", so it won't be a simple "refuse forever" case anymore. Sweden will lose Norwegian as accepted when the event happens.
-Condensed the Falklands/Malvinas renaming decisions in one decision (instead of 2) and removed the 2 prestige you could get from it.
-Fixed a possible issue that could end with the invest_in_irish decision being taken endlessly.
-Changed event 31100 about the discovery of Troy. Previously it always gave prestige to Turkey, now it depends on a GP (or SP in Europe/Levant) taking the decision to search for the Aegean civilizations and getting lucky. Added newspaper references that existed in Vanilla but weren't included because someone forgot to add a few lines to the event files. Reworked the event and newspapers text.
-Changed event 46800 about the discovery of Machu Picchu. Previously it always gave prestige to Peru, now it depends on a GP (or SP in the Americas) taking the decision to search for the city and getting lucky. For both events, High education spending and GP status increase the likelihood of discovery. The events give the same amount of prestige and require techs from the Social Thought tree, among other requirements. They become visible in 1850 and 1890 respectively, so players should have time to prepare for them. They are only visible if you fill the other conditions: being at least rank 3, having the owner of the Cusco/Canakkale in your sphere or being a GP/SP in the Americas for Machu Picchu or in Europe/Levant for Troy. This model will be follow for similar decisions/events.
-Fixed a few typos and improved a few descriptions in the events/news files.
-Founding the Suez Canal Company now also requires the business_banks tech.
-Fixed a few party names for Ireland. The Portuguese Fascist Party name was changed from "Estado Novo" to "União Nacional". Yugoslavia's Fascists were renamed to ZBOR.
-To accommodate non fascist but highly authoritarian regimes, Presidential Dictatorships now can have a fascist party as the ruling party.
-Condensed the two decisions to rename Wallonia in a single one, made the description generic enough.
-Countries annexed through the Doctrine of Lapse and the Russian equivalent now can only be annexed once through it.
-Former colonial countries will now be released as uncivs and will have the option to civilize instantly on release (if they have 15% literacy) through a decision. If they do this, their informal status will be "semi-civilized". This means that they get a tech school that greatly reduces their research speed and can be reverted to Traditional Academia when they reach 25% literacy and have a few techs.
-The country that gets the Congo will now be left out of the free Scramble for Africa CBs.
-Lagos isn't needed anymore to form Nigeria, only one province in each of the 3 coastal states.
-Increased the effects of Autocracy/Tradition NVs on Conservative/Reactionary/Fascist/Communist ideology inclinations. Ideological inclinations from NVs will now only affect pops that are primary/accepted in a country. That means that greeks under the Ottoman Empire won't be more conservative just because they are in the Ottoman Empire. This means that in homogeneous countries with these NVs, they will gain more stability but multi-cultural countries will still be rocky by the ideology of the minorities.
-The provincia_cisplatina decision for Brazil now can be taken by an Absolute Monarchy with a Jingoist Party.
-Changed province 900 - Antakya from the Aleppo state to the Adana state.
-Checked and re-did all the pops in the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans, Anatolia and the ME. Pops were changed so minorities always have the 4 basic pop types (farmers/laborers, intellectuals, soldiers and artisans) with additional 2 (aristocrats and officers) in capitals. This is done to avoid assimilation problems, no matter who owns the land. Pops now should always have a valid target to promote to. A few places like Bosnia and Aydin were missing soldier pops, sometimes even turkish soldiers (in the case of Aydin), so that's also fixed.
-Changed the whole of Ottoman Iraqi to colonial governments. This is done to reflect that Mamluk Rule in Baghdad ended only 5 years early, when they still ruled as an unciv with high (or almost complete) autonomy. Turkish pops in Iraq were made in Kurdids pops, so Kurdish parts of Iraq have more kurds. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_R%C4%B1za_Pasha_(governor_of_Baghdad) and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamluk_dynasty_(Iraq) -Removed Turkish pops from Aleppo. To provide some access to Iraq, Dayr al-Zour will start under Ottoman Rule. This is done until I re-do provinces in the ME.
-EXPERIMENTAL: Disabled promotion on assimilation.
-Added new terrain types for the new world, for small islands and for the tundra/desert/boreal forests. This is made so these terrains don't have a huge RGO size just because they are in the new world and places like Hawaii can have more people than any place in the old world.
-Changed the "Christian Oppression" modifier for the Ottoman Empire so it doesn't give militancy and consciousness for non accepted pops. Instead, AI countries will each year take a decision to give militancy/CON to non Sunni pops in the Ottoman Empire. Previously, any non-turkish pops would get progressively get more pissed off, including the Muslims.
-Made the starting general for Tripoli a bit better.
-Removed the CON reduction in wartime that was inherited from NNM.
-Romanians, Albanians and pops in the Levantine and South Slav culture groups will be much more inclined to join nationalist/patriotic rebels than ideological rebels if they can IF they aren't accepted cultures and have a different religion from the state religion of the country.
-The decision to Annex Bosnia after the Berlin Conference now can be taken by any GP that owns Serbia and Southern Serbia or Croatia and Slavonia or Dalmatia.
-Reduced the LR in Togo from 15 to 10, made a decision to claim the place for Europeans GPs/SPs.
-Changed the citizenship_policy of the Ottoman Empire parties a bit so they have the whole spectrum of options supported and so pops don't end up always going for the same rebels.
-Added Party names for Greece and Serbia, based on a kind anon suggestions and http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Greece.html The "French Faction" (Ethnikó Kómma) are now the liberals and the British Party (Syntagmatikó Kómma) are the conservatives. Previously, it was the other way around.
-Added better description to a few reforms.
Changelog (0.3.7.1):*
-[Old Version]Reshaped several states in Siberia.
-[Old Version]Stop the decision for naming Lushun from being taking endlessly in certain situations.
-[Old Version]Renamed Buganda to Uganda.
-[Old Version]Stopped the "Independence for Tunisia" event from potential happening repeatedly. Now it only fires once.
-Liberia will now start with the "Developing Academia" Tech School.
-Added some missing Greek Pops to Crete.
-Fixed a wrong party name in Serbia.
-Made the Argentinian tags (SBA, ENT and CRT) non-releasable, to stop them from being released from the Argentine Confederation by war.
-Checked the Ottoman starting army and guaranteed none of the brigades start with missing pops. Reorganized the military to follow the historical organization. Based on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_military_reforms#Reforms_of_Abd.C3.BClmecit https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Army_(Ottoman_Empire)#Formations https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asakir-i_Mansure-i_Muhammediye and https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C4%9Fa_H%C3%BCseyin_Pa%C5%9Fa
-Added Turkish pops back to northern Iraq. They should be around 3% of the total population of Iraq, distributed in Mosul, Rewanduz and Sulaymania and 3% of Syria, distributed in Aleppo and Dayr al-Zour.
-Added a Turkmeneli tag to stop Turkish pops in Iraq and Syria from assimilating if the OT falls.
-Fixed the Greater California decision cores in Sonora.
-Made sure an event for the central Americans states don't fire against a country that doesn't exist.
-54'40 or fight event changed so it can fire if the US isn't a democracy.
-Removed event 16452.
-Stopped the decision to rename dutch wallonia from firing endlessly.
-Troy/Machu Picchu province owners now can take the decision to search for the city.
-Slight increase in Austrian Italy literacy for north Italians to (hopefully) make assimilation bug harder to happen.
-Changed the way the penalty to assimilation for accepted cultures with union tags in a province so it's significantly smaller, making the tooltip for assimilation easier to read. Also made it completely generic: any culture in a province with a core of a union tag that is accepted by said union tag will now count as "primary" for assimilation purposes (aka it will not assimilate).
-Added all pop types to Macao in 1836, so pops have where to promote.
-Reshaped Guangdong a bit to fix map artifacts.

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Yakutia Map - Russia - Mapcarta

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Datamining & Speculations

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