An international waters law is an agreement between two or more nations. This agreement outlines and regulates any and all activity that happens on the referenced section of the water. Usually, international waters laws go into effect after the nations agree to sign a treaty. These treaties are written out, signed, and governed by international law. In order to get a basic grasp on the laws of international waters, start at the coastline. Extending 12 nautical miles from a country's coastline is what's known as "territorial waters." So what are ‘international waters’ then? A state controls territorial waters up to 12 nautical miles from shore, but it can punish violations of its customs, fiscal, immigration and sanitary laws that occur within its territory or territorial waters in a “contiguous zone” up to 24 nautical miles out. International waters are officially known as the high seas, Terra nullius, ‘nobody’s land’, or Mare liberum (’free seas’), because everything sounds posh and legally-binding in Latin. According to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea : “No state may validly purport to subject any part of the high seas to its sovereignty.” International waters are those located outside any nation’s territorial waters. Some refer to these waters as the open seas or the high seas. No nation ‘owns’ these waters. They generally extend about 200 nautical miles from the shore of a country, and are broken into different sections in which the particular country has various rights. Generally speaking, the law of the sea stipulates that maritime countries essentially control their territorial waters from the shore out to a distance of 12 miles (19.3 km), the “12-mile limit.” Within this zone, all laws of that country apply: the country can build, extract natural resources, and either encourage or forbid sea passage through it (or flights over it) just as if it were a parcel of land. International waters are not a foreign country. On the record before the Court and in accord with the statutes and caselaw, petitioner was in the territorial waters of a foreign country for 41 International waters have rules governed by maritime laws which will determine how to proceed, what type of case proceeds and what amount in compensation is possible for civil cases. These rules will take the place of standard courts when the person is in international waters and over twenty miles from the shore of a state or country. 1. Consistent with the principle of equitable utilization of the waters of an international drainage basin, a State: (a) Must prevent any new form of water pollution or any increase in the degree of existing water pollution in an international drainage basin which would cause substantial injury in the territory of a co-basin State; This is what forms the basis of international waters laws. International water law is defined as an agreement between nations that outlines the rules and regulations that apply to a specific section of the waters in the open seas. Once all the nations sign a treaty, the international waters law goes into effect thereafter. International Law of the Sea
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